地理科学进展 ›› 2018, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (5): 710-717.doi: 10.18306/dlkxjz.2018.05.014

• 重构实践 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国乡村生态环境污染现状及重构策略

王永生1,2(), 刘彦随1,2   

  1. 1. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京 100101
    2. 中国科学院精准扶贫评估研究中心,北京 100101
  • 收稿日期:2017-12-14 修回日期:2018-03-06 出版日期:2018-05-28 发布日期:2018-05-28
  • 作者简介:

    作者简介:王永生(1985-),山东潍坊人,助理研究员,主要从事土地工程与现代农业研究,E-mail: wangys@igsnrr.ac.cn

  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金重点项目(41731286);国家自然科学基金项目(41471143)

Pollution and restructuring strategies of rural ecological environment in China

Yongsheng WANG1,2(), Yansui LIU1,2   

  1. 1. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China
    2. Center for Assessment and Research on Targeted Poverty Alleviation, CAS, Beijing 100101, China
  • Received:2017-12-14 Revised:2018-03-06 Online:2018-05-28 Published:2018-05-28
  • Supported by:
    Key Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.41731286;National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.41471143

摘要:

城乡发展转型进程中的乡村生态环境问题日益突出,已经影响到乡村的生产发展和居民的日常生活。本文梳理了乡村生态环境污染的来源和特点,并从资源、生产和生活方面提出了乡村生态环境的重构策略。主要结论为:①资源利用不当、生产活动加强和生活方式改变造成的污染是乡村土地污损化、水体污染化和空气污浊化的主要原因;②乡村生态环境污染具有来源分散多样、排放随机不均和治理局部低效的特点;③通过资源利用的高效化、生产过程的清洁化和生活方式的集聚化进行乡村生态环境的重构,最终实现乡村地区生产发展、生活富裕和生态良好的目标。

关键词: 城乡发展转型, 乡村生态环境污染, 资源利用, 重构策略

Abstract:

Rural ecological environment issues in the process of rural-urban transition in China have influenced the production and daily living of residents in rural areas. This article reviews the sources and characteristics of rural environmental pollution, and proposes the restructuring strategies of rural ecological environment from the aspects of resources, production, and living. The research shows that unreasonable resource use, intensive production activities, and changed life style resulted in rural land contamination and water and air pollution. Rural environmental pollution is characterized by diversified sources, sporadic discharges, and inefficient management. These problems call for the highly efficient use of resources, cleaning of production processes, and agglomeration of living space to realize the coordination of rural production development, enhancement of quality of living, and ecological environment improvement.

Key words: urban-rural development transformation, rural eco-environmental pollution, resource use, restructuring strategies