中国自然地理学中的气候变化研究前沿进展

doi:10.18306/dlkxjz.2018.01.003

地理科学进展 ›› 2018, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (1): 16-27.doi: 10.18306/dlkxjz.2018.01.003

中国自然地理学中的气候变化研究前沿进展

郑景云^1,^2,^*(), 方修琦³, 吴绍洪^1,²

1. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,中国科学院陆地表层格局与模拟重点实验室,北京 100101
2. 中国科学院大学,北京 100049
3. 北京师范大学地理科学学部,北京 100875

收稿日期:2018-01-02 修回日期:2018-01-15 出版日期:2018-01-28 发布日期:2018-01-28
通讯作者: 郑景云
作者简介:
作者简介：戴尔阜(1972-),男,甘肃平凉人,研究员,主要从事自然地理综合研究、气候变化及其区域响应、土地变化模拟研究,E-mail: daief@igsnrr.ac.cn。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(L1624026,41671036);中国科学院学部学科发展战略研究项目(2016-DX-C-02)

Recent progress of climate change research in physical geography studies from China

Jingyun ZHENG^1,^2,^*(), Xiuqi FANG³, Shaohong WU^1,²

1. Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China
2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049,China
3. Department of Geography, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China

Received:2018-01-02 Revised:2018-01-15 Online:2018-01-28 Published:2018-01-28
Contact: Jingyun ZHENG
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.L1624026, No.41671036;Research Project on the Development Strategy of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.2016-DX-C-02

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

气候学是自然地理学的重要组成部分;过去气候变化和当代气候增暖的影响与适应研究是中国自然地理学在气候变化领域的2个主要研究方向。本文综述了这2个研究方向的主要进展,包括：分别简述研究的意义、发展历程与主要科学问题;梳理总结中国过去气候变化重建与时空特征分析,历史时期气候变化的影响,全球增暖背景下中国气候区划变动特征,全球增暖对中国自然生态系统、水资源、农业等方面影响的区域差异,气候变化的综合风险区划等方面的前沿进展,特别是在各方面所取得的主要科学认识;以期为未来的深入研究,特别是编制相关领域和学科发展战略提供参考。

关键词: 气候变化, 研究进展, 过去气候变化, 全球增暖影响与适应, 中国

Abstract:

As a key subfield in climatology, the study of climate changes is the research focus of physical geography in China. In this article, we review recent progress in such study, which focused on past climate changes and climate change impacts and adaptations in the context of present global warming. The highlights and results of the studies are summarized, especially on the following issues: reconstruction of past climate in China, analysis of the spatiotemporal patterns of climate changes and their impacts during historical times in China, characteristics of changes on climate regionalization in China under global warming since 1950, regional difference of impacts of recent global warming on natural ecosystems, water resources, and agriculture in China, and comprehensive climate change risk regionalization of China. These results provided a solid scientific basis for forming disciplinary development strategies and further studies of related issues in the field of physical geography in China.

Key words: recent progress, climate change research, past climate changes, impacts of global warming and adaptations, China

郑景云, 方修琦, 吴绍洪. 中国自然地理学中的气候变化研究前沿进展[J]. 地理科学进展, 2018, 37(1): 16-27.

Jingyun ZHENG, Xiuqi FANG, Shaohong WU. Recent progress of climate change research in physical geography studies from China[J]. PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2018, 37(1): 16-27.

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受影响领域/系统	主要利弊		重点区域的影响利弊
受影响领域/系统	有利		不利
水资源	冰川融水径流增加	径流量总体下降,区域径流变异性加大;旱涝灾害加重	华北地区(-)、华中地区(-)、西南地区(-)、西北地区(+)
冰冻圈环境	冰川融水增加;冰封期缩短;凌期趋于缓和;渤海及黄海北部海冰冰情总体缓解	冰川萎缩、厚度减薄;冰湖溃决风险加大;多年冻土面积萎缩;雪灾频次总体增加;局部海冰冰情年际变率加大	东北地区(-)、西南地区(-)、西北地区(+&-)
森林与其他自然生态系统	森林总体碳汇增加;温带草原增加;高山牧场草原界线上移	北方落叶林减少;西部荒漠化、生产力下降;东部湿地萎缩;局部物种消失	东北地区(-)、西南地区(+&-)、西北地区(-)
海岸带和近海环境		海洋酸化加剧;赤潮、风暴潮加重;海岸侵蚀强度增大;红树林和珊瑚礁退化	华东地区、华南地区
农业	热量资源增加;复种指数增加	耕地质量下降;用水供需矛盾加剧;病虫害加重	东北地区(+)、华北地区(+)、华东地区(-)、华中地区(+)、西北地区(+)
环境质量与人体健康		水体富营养化及大气污染等加剧;传染病及自然疫源性疾病增加、流行区域扩大	华东地区、华中地区

中国自然地理学中的气候变化研究前沿进展

Recent progress of climate change research in physical geography studies from China

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