地理科学进展

地理科学进展 ›› 2017, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (12): 1540-1551.doi: 10.18306/dlkxjz.2017.12.009

• 专辑|领域 • 上一篇    下一篇

影响移民流动性的地理门槛与移民政策①

Martin van der VELDE(), Ton van NAERSSEN   

  1. Radboud University, Nijmegen Institute for Management Research Nijmegen Centre for Border Research, Nijmegen 6500-6547, Netherlands
  • 出版日期:2017-12-20 发布日期:2017-12-20
  • 作者简介:

    作者简介：Martin van der VELDE,男,教授,主要研究方向为移民与边界,E-mail: m.vandervelde@fm.ru.nl。①本文系作者以英文写成,中山大学王韬博士生、张丽屏研究助理译为中文,广州大学安宁讲师、中山大学刘云刚教授审校。文章仅引言部分是作者基于其发表于荷兰期刊Geografie (van Naerssen , van der Velde, 2016)上的一篇文章改写而成。

  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(41571130,41271165);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目;中国西南地缘环境与边疆发展协同创新中心资助项目

Acting on Thresholds: Policies and geographical thresholds to mobility

van der VELDE Martin(), van NAERSSEN Ton   

  1. Radboud University, Nijmegen Institute for Management Research Nijmegen Centre for Border Research, Nijmegen 6500-6547, Netherlands
  • Online:2017-12-20 Published:2017-12-20
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.41571130, No.41271165;The Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities;Collaborative Innovation Center for Geopolitical setting of Southwest China and Borderland Development (YNNU)

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摘要：

本文旨在更好地解读国家政策与移民流动性之间的相互关系。基于门槛分析方法,我们建立了关于边界、流动性和移民的基础理论,并重点探讨了具有移民倾向的个体心理过程。人们往往根据以下3个地理门槛作出移民抉择：一是关注迁移、离开熟悉的地方、跨越国界的想法;二是关注目的地区位及其边界和“接壤”(Bordering);三是关注迁移路径或途径。本文的案例主要来自欧盟和东南亚国家,分别包括荷兰和德国之间的跨界现象,2008年经济危机后欧盟的人口流动,2015-2016年期间欧盟和土耳其间的难民流动,菲律宾劳工移民,以及印度尼西亚—马来西亚迁徙通道等。最后,本文讨论了流动性和边界政策及治理。

关键词: 边界, 流动, 移民, 门槛, 决策

Abstract:

This paper aims for a better understanding of the mutual relationship between national polices and migrant mobilities. The theoretical background is given by the threshold approach that we have developed on borders, mobility and migration. Central in this approach are the mental processes individuals who (want to) move in space are involved in. During this process they have to decide on three geographical thresholds. The first threshold concerns the idea to become mobile, to leave the familiar places and to cross national borders (for many people not that obvious), the second the location of the destination and its borders and 'bordering', and the third concerns the mobility trajectories or routes. Examples are presented from the EU and the ASEAN, respectively the crossing of borders between the Netherlands and Germany, mobility in the EU during the 2008 financial crisis, the 2015/16 flows of refugees crossing the Turkish-EU border, Philippine labour emigration and the Indonesian-Malaysian migration corridor. Finally, the approach and cases will be discussed in relation to policies and governance with regard to mobility and borders.

Key words: borders, mobility, migration, thresholds, decision making