北京市公共文化设施服务水平空间格局和特征

doi:10.18306/dlkxjz.2017.09.009

地理科学进展 ›› 2017, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (9): 1128-1139.doi: 10.18306/dlkxjz.2017.09.009

• 专辑：城市文化感知与计算 • 上一篇下一篇

北京市公共文化设施服务水平空间格局和特征

何丹¹(), 金凤君^2,^*(), 戴特奇³, 孙颖¹, 周真杨¹

1. 北京联合大学应用文理学院,北京 100191
2. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所区域可持续发展分析与模拟重点实验室,北京 100101
3. 北京师范大学地理学与遥感科学学院,北京 100875

出版日期:2017-09-27 发布日期:2017-09-27
通讯作者: 金凤君
作者简介:
作者简介：何丹(1980-),女,汉族,湖南岳阳人,博士,副教授,主要研究方向为城市与区域发展、GIS空间分析与应用研究,E-mail: hedan@buu.edu.cn。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(41201115);北京联合大学人才强校优选计划(BPHR2017CZ01);北京市哲学社会科学基金项目(14CSC015, 14CSA002)

Spatial patterns and characteristics for service level of urban public cultural facilities in central Beijing

Dan HE¹(), Fengjun JIN^2,^*(), Teqi DAI³, Ying SUN¹, Zhenyang ZHOU¹

1. College of Applied Arts and Sciences, Beijing Union University, Beijing 100191, China
2. Key Laboratory of Regional Sustainable Development Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101, China
3. School of Geography, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China

Online:2017-09-27 Published:2017-09-27
Contact: Fengjun JIN
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.41201115;Premium Funding Project for Academic Human Resources Development in Beijing Union University, No.BPHR2017CZ01;Beijing Philosophy and Social Science Foundation, No.14CSC015, No.14CSA002

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本文从设施数量、质量、空间分布和满意度4方面,构建设施服务水平综合评价指标体系,借助多指标综合评价法、GIS空间分析和三维模拟技术,探讨北京市中心城区公共文化设施服务水平的空间分布格局和差异特征。由公共文化设施服务水平评价结果得出,不同类型设施服务水平空间差异显著,文化服务中心(文化站)服务水平最高,艺术馆最低。由公共文化服务水平分区可知,54.96%的街道处于低水平。在此基础上总结出其空间特征如下：设施服务水平空间分布不均衡,服务水平整体上呈现明显的“核心—外围”空间结构,沿核心到外围递减,并且核心区较高,西北部和南部地区偏低;服务水平空间分异趋势明显,在东西和南北方向上均呈倒“U”型趋势,并且东西方向相对于南北方向变化较为平缓,由西到东微弱上升;文化设施服务水平空间分布与人口空间分布相关性较弱;文化设施等级与服务水平基本相匹配,高等级设施占比较多的城区设施服务水平也较高。

关键词: 设施服务水平, 公共文化设施, 空间格局, 空间特征, 北京市中心城区

Abstract:

Public cultural facilities refer to buildings, venues, and equipment organized by the people's governments at various levels or by social groups for the public to carry out cultural activities. Quantitative analysis and evaluation of service level of existing public cultural facilities not only can enrich public facility spatial planning theory, but also can provide a reference for the actual planning of cultural facilities and government decision making. From the four aspects of quantity, quality, spatial distribution, and satisfaction of facilities, a comprehensive evaluation index system of cultural facility service level is constructed. Using multi-index comprehensive evaluation method and GIS spatial analysis and 3D simulation techniques, the spatial distribution pattern and characteristics of service level of public cultural facilities in Beijing are discussed. According to the evaluation results of service level of public cultural facilities, there are significant differences in service level between different types of facilities, and the service level of cultural service centers (cultural stations) is the highest, and the art museum is the lowest. According to the evaluation results of service level of public cultural facilities, there are significant differences in service level between different types of facilities, and the service level of cultural service centers (cultural stations) is the highest, and the art museum is the lowest. According to the evaluation results of service level of public cultural facilities, there are significant differences in service level between different types of facilities, and the service level of cultural service centers (cultural stations) is the highest, and the art museum is the lowest. With regard to the level of public cultural services, 54.96% neighborhoods are at a low level. Based on these, the spatial characteristics of the level of public cultural services are summarized as follows: First, the spatial distribution of service levels in different districts and neighborhoods is generally uneven. The level of services as a whole shows a clear "core-periphery" spatial structure, and it is diminishing from the core to the periphery. Moreover, in the core area, the service level is higher; in the northwest and the southern regions the service level is low. Second, Trend analysis indicates that the level of services in the directions of east to west and south to north shows an inverted "u" shape, and the change from east to west is gentler relative to from south to north, and the service level rises slightly from west to east. Third, the service level of cultural facilities is weakly related to the population distribution. Finally, the level of cultural facilities and the level of services are basically matched. The level of service is higher if there is more proportion of high-level facilities in the urban areas.

Key words: facility service level, public cultural facilities, spatial pattern, spatial characteristics, central Beijing

何丹, 金凤君, 戴特奇, 孙颖, 周真杨. 北京市公共文化设施服务水平空间格局和特征[J]. 地理科学进展, 2017, 36(9): 1128-1139.

Dan HE, Fengjun JIN, Teqi DAI, Ying SUN, Zhenyang ZHOU. Spatial patterns and characteristics for service level of urban public cultural facilities in central Beijing[J]. PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2017, 36(9): 1128-1139.

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类型	数量/处	占比/%
图书馆	14	2.77
档案馆	11	2.18
博物馆	116	22.97
美术馆	18	3.56
艺术馆	30	5.94
电影院	101	20.00
演出场所	75	14.85
文化馆	8	1.58
文化服务中心(文化站)	132	26.14
总计	505	100.00

一级指标	二级指标	分级条件	分级赋值	备注
设施数量	设施总数/处			街道内各级设施数量
设施数量	人均享有设施数量/(处/千人)			街道内各级设施数量/街道常住人口数
设施质量	设施规模或容量——设施建筑面积(/m²)或馆藏书量/册或档案数/卷或席位数(/席)			街道内各级设施建筑面积总和或馆藏书量总和或档案数总和或席位数总和
	人均设施规模或容量——千人拥有设施面积/(m²/千人)或人均藏书量/(册/人)或人均档案数/(卷/人)或千人拥有设施坐席数/(席/千人)			街道内各级设施建筑面积总和或馆藏书量总和或档案数总和或席位数总和的千人平均数或人均数
	设施类型评价总分	特大型大型1-3 中型1-3 小型1-3	10分 9~7分 6~4分 3~1分	街道内各级设施类型评分总和
	设施等级评价总分	国家级省市级区级街道级社区级	10分 7分 5分 3分 1分	街道内各级设施等级评分总和
设施空间分布	设施密度/(处/km²)			街道内各级设施数量/街道面积
设施满意度	设施总体评价星级 (大众点评网)总分	五星级准五星级四星级准四星级三星级准三星级二星级准二星级一星级非星级	10分 9分 8分 7分 6分 5分 4分 3分 2分 1分	街道内各级设施总体评价星级的评分总和

评价一级指标	权重	评价二级指标	权重
设施数量	0.044396	设施总数	0.022198
设施数量	0.044396	人均享有设施数量	0.022198
设施质量	0.440159	设施规模或容量	0.040266
		人均设施规模或容量	0.076849
		设施类型评价总分	0.161522
		设施等级评价总分	0.161522
设施空间分布	0.161522	设施密度	0.161522
设施满意度	0.353923	设施总体评价星级总分	0.353923

设施类型	设施数量	综合分值	服务水平
艺术馆	30	1.54838	最低层次
档案馆	11	3.01852	低层次
美术馆	18	3.34289
图书馆	14	3.50136
文化馆	8	4.15918	中间层次
演出场所	75	6.63605
博物馆	116	10.39733	高层次
电影院	101	13.03771
文化服务中心(文化站)	132	15.88232	最高层次

所在城区	人口密度/(人/km²)	服务水平综合分值	均值	标准偏差
东城区	21978.350740	13.481692	0.793041	0.809963
西城区	24785.712030	11.021507	0.734767	0.674754
海淀区	7637.930304	9.784804	0.337407	0.455409
朝阳区	7662.822123	19.353586	0.460800	0.442817
丰台区	6914.765096	5.332798	0.296267	0.335490
石景山区	6951.571806	2.549345	0.254935	0.319331
总计	8499.840192	61.523732	2.877217	3.037764

北京市公共文化设施服务水平空间格局和特征

Spatial patterns and characteristics for service level of urban public cultural facilities in central Beijing

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所在区	公共文化设施分级数量和比例															服务水平综合分值
	国家级			省市级			区级			街道级			社区级			总计
	数量/处		比例/%		数量/处		比例/%		数量/处		比例/%	数量/处	比例/%	数量/处	比例/%	数量/处
东城区	17	3.37	31	6.14		11	2.18		28	5.54		6	1.19		93	13.48
西城区	25	4.95	34	6.73		9	1.78		18	3.56		5	0.99		91	11.02
西城区	25	4.95	34	6.73		9	1.78	内城区	18	3.56	42	5	0.99	8.32	91	11.02	65	12.87	20	3.96	46	9.12	11	2.18	184	24.51
朝阳区	18	3.56	27	5.35		6	1.19		117	23.20		3	0.59		171	19.35
朝阳区	18	3.56	27	5.35		6	1.19	海淀区	117	23.20	15	3	0.59	2.97	171	19.35	15	2.97	7	1.39	41	8.12	13	2.57	91	9.78
丰台区	2	0.40	6	1.19		6	1.19	海淀区	24	4.75	15	3	0.59	2.97	41	5.33	15	2.97	7	1.39	41	8.12	13	2.57	91	9.78
丰台区	2	0.40	6	1.19		6	1.19	石景山区	24	4.75	1	3	0.59	0.20	41	5.33	2	0.40	4	0.79	10	1.98	1	0.20	18	2.55
外城区	36	7.13	50	9.91		23	4.56		192	38.02		20	3.95		321	37.01
总计	78	15.45	115	22.77		43	8.51		238	47.13		31	6.14		505	61.52

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