基于微博语义分析的重庆主城区风貌感知评价

doi:10.18306/dlkxjz.2017.09.002

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

采用社交网络数据对城市进行感知与评价是一种新的城市感知定量研究方法。本文将新浪微博签到数据作为城市感知的数据来源,通过文本挖掘和语义分析方法,探索用户对重庆主城区城市风貌的感知与评价。针对重庆主城区特色风貌片区,研究形成了签到地图、情绪地图和对象地图。签到地图客观反映重庆主城区新浪微博用户活跃程度的空间分布特征;情绪地图挖掘活跃用户对空间的情绪表达和正负面态度;对象地图解析出现这种签到热力分布和情绪分布的原因,发现引发正负面态度的情绪对象。通过分析用户对规划师所设定的风貌要素载体的典型意见,将要素载体归纳为有感知积极、有感知消极、无感知和有感知未设定4类。今后应进一步从要素识别和价值判断两个方面为规划师塑造和管控城市风貌提供参考意见。

关键词: 城市风貌感知与评价, 新浪微博, 语义分析, 重庆, 签到地图, 情绪地图, 对象地图

Abstract:

Using social network data to apperceive and evaluate cityscape characteristics is a new method for the quantitative study of urban features. Taking the sign-in data of Sina microblog as data sources of cityscape characteristics perception, this study used text mining and semantic analysis to explore the perception and evaluation of cityscape characteristics in the main urban area of Chongqing Municipality. The study resulted in three maps about the main urban area of Chongqing Municipality, including the sign-in map, the emotion map, and the object map. The sign-in map objectively reflects the distribution of level of activity of the users; the emotion map mines users' emotional expression of positive and negative attitudes on their sign-in space; the object map analyzes the reasons behind the activity distribution and emotional expression to find out urban features that cause positive and negative attitudes. By analyzing the users' typical opinions on urban features designed by planners, the factors are classified into four categories: perceived and positive, perceived and negative, unconscious, and perceived but unspecified. The study provides further references on factor identification and quality evaluation to planners for shaping and controlling urban features.

Key words: perception and evaluation of cityscape characteristics, Sino microblog, semantic analysis, Chongqing Municipality, the sign-in map, the emotion map, the object map

易峥, 李继珍, 冷炳荣, 陈敏. 基于微博语义分析的重庆主城区风貌感知评价[J]. 地理科学进展, 2017, 36(9): 1058-1066.

Zheng YI, Jizhen LI, Bingrong LENG, Min CHEN. Perception and evaluation of cityscape characteristics using semantic analysis on microblog in the main urban area of Chongqing Municipality[J]. PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2017, 36(9): 1058-1066.

图/表 7

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表1

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图5

表2

四大风貌要素典型意见"

风貌要素	典型载体	典型意见示例
风貌要素	典型载体	积极	消极
山城形	四山	黄葛古道空气好、悠然南山、天然氧吧、欢乐垂钓、踏青、风景无限好、南山看夜景好安逸哦、春意盎然、花的海洋、舒适惬意	无聊、人太多、交通拥堵
	城中山	登高望远美不胜收、鸟瞰重庆、赏山城夜景、眺望重庆森林、无与伦比的美丽
	山上城	十一楼又是一楼又是四楼的奇妙城市、烟雨朦胧的山城、悬崖上的吊脚楼、洪崖洞现实版千与千寻、洪崖洞古香古色、立体重庆、车水马龙、穿梭在楼里的重庆	3D城市迷路、除了上坡就是下坡、导航都迷路
两江势	水岸线	夜跑、春暖花开、夕阳下的渝中半岛、有逼格、很不错、吹吹风喝喝茶、夜色阑珊、环境很好、喷泉好美、山城江城不夜城、爱情人行道南滨路、江边的风好舒服
	桥	无	堵车
	两江交汇	两江夜游美景尽收眼底、烟雾蒙蒙美丽江景、码头上真惬意
巴渝风	古镇	走马观花、古镇走马还不错值得去、偏岩镇水里吃饭打牌、悠哉悠哉、好大一棵树	无聊
巴渝风	传统风貌区	重庆人民大礼堂雄伟壮丽、最美街道中山四路、磁器口好山好水好风景、繁华中的废墟十八梯、市井风情、雄伟壮丽的大礼堂、十八梯果然名不虚传已醉已腿抽	堵车、人太多、拆完了
都市格	城市中心	朝天门码头与解放碑CBD组图好美、魅力无限的城市、华丽街灯的街道、大气的奥体中心、博物馆看起来很高大上\到处都是摩天大楼、洋气的重庆解放碑	解放碑显得好渺小
	城市门户	无	坑爹的重庆北站的南北广场、最乱火车站没有之一、无力吐槽此车站只觉得晕
	夜景	夜景好迷人、夜景不错、真好看、很美、美丽、好美、好漂亮、太酷、超美、震撼美、超级棒、霸气、美翻了、美爆、美美哒、美呆、太绚了、大赞、令人心醉、美不胜收、小香港	夜景没有想象中美好
	景观大道	无	无

表2

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