中国绿色生产效率区域差异及空间格局演变

doi:10.18306/dlkxjz.2017.08.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

绿色生产效率评价是评估中国生态文明建设和经济转型可行性的重要途径。基于“人地协调”理念和“过程+格局”思维,建立了衡量绿色生产效率的投入—产出指标,采用数据包络分析法对中国30个省(市、区)近10年的绿色生产效率进行测度,运用熵值法、基尼系数、探索性空间数据分析、空间自相关等方法,结合ArcGIS、Geoda软件,对中国2005-2014绿色生产效率差异以及空间格局的时空演变进行研究。结果表明：①2005-2014年中国绿色生产效率呈上升趋势,呈现从“大差距低水平”向“小差距高水平”转变的时序特征;②2005-2014年中国四大地区绿色生产效率呈现东部地区>东北地区>中部地区>西部地区的空间分异特征;③中国绿色生产效率呈现东高西低的率三级阶梯空间格局特征;④中国各省(市、区)绿色生产效率值与相邻地区存在相似性,表现出一定的空间集聚特征;⑤经济发展基础和差别化的资源环境区域政策是绿色生产效率区域差异的主要因素。

关键词: 绿色生产效率, 区域差异, 时空格局, 数据包络分析法, 中国

Abstract:

Evaluating green production efficiency has become an important way to examine the feasibility of China's ecological civilization construction and economic transformation. Based on the concepts of coordinated human-environment development and process and pattern-oriented evaluation, this study established an input-output index for measuring green production efficiency. Using data envelopment analysis method, we measured the efficiency of green production of 30 Chinese provinces (municipalities and autonomous regions) between 2005 and 2014. Using entropy, Gini coefficient, exploratory spatial data analysis, combined with ArcGIS and Geoda software, we explored the divergence and spatiotemporal change of green production efficiency in China from 2005 to 2014. The results indicate that: (1) The efficiency of green production in China showed an upward trend in 2005-2014, shifting from large gap at an overall low level to small gap at an overall high level. (2) The efficiency of green production in the four main regions of China during the 10 years showed the following spatial characteristics: the efficiency of green production in the eastern region > Northeast region > central region > western region. (3) The efficiency of green production in China presented a "three steps" spatial pattern, that is, high in the east and low in the west. (4) The green production efficiency value of each province (municipality, autonomous region) was similar to that of the neighboring areas, and showed certain spatial agglomeration characteristics. (5) The basis of economic development and differentiation in resources, environment, and regional policies are the main factors influencing regional differences in green production efficiency.

Key words: green production efficiency, spatial differentiation, spatiotemporal pattern, data envelopment analysis (DEA), China

穆学英, 刘凯, 任建兰. 中国绿色生产效率区域差异及空间格局演变[J]. 地理科学进展, 2017, 36(8): 1006-1014.

Xueying MU, Kai LIU, Jianlan REN. Spatial differentiation and change of green production efficiency in China[J]. PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2017, 36(8): 1006-1014.

图/表 4

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