地理科学进展 ›› 2017, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (7): 903-911.doi: 10.18306/dlkxjz.2017.07.011

• 研究综述 • 上一篇    

美国机构养老社区空间人本化构建及经验借鉴

林静1,2,3(), 蔡建明1,2,3(), 程哲4   

  1. 1. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京 100101
    2. 中国科学院区域可持续发展分析与模拟重点实验室,北京 100101
    3. 中国科学院大学,北京 100049
    4. 北京大学经济学院,北京 100871
  • 出版日期:2017-07-31 发布日期:2017-07-31
  • 作者简介:

    作者简介:林静(1988- ),女,江西吉安人,博士研究生,主要从事文化可持续性、城乡可持续发展研究,E-mail: linjingamy@163.com

  • 基金资助:
    中国博士后科学基金项目(2017M610664)

Human-oriented space making of institutional elderly care communities in the United States and implications

Jing LIN1,2,3(), Jianming CAI1,2,3(), Zhe CHENG4   

  1. 1. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China
    2. Key Laboratory of Regional Sustainable Development Modeling, CAS, Beijing 100101, China
    3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
    4. School of Economics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
  • Online:2017-07-31 Published:2017-07-31
  • Supported by:
    China Postdoctoral Science Foundation, No.2017M610664

摘要:

中国老龄化正在加速发展,面临一系列严峻挑战,特别是机构养老社区的人本化构建。本文通过系统化梳理和分析美国先进案例和实践经验,甄别出其机构养老社区空间发展的四个新动向:①在区位选择上,趋向于分布在气候舒适和景观宜人的地方;②在空间融合上,趋向于嵌入具有高城市性(urbanity)的大型养老社区;③在内部规划上,趋向于功能分区弹性化和适老设计人本化;④在投融资模式上,趋向于投资多元化特别是PPP为主体的公私合营化。借鉴美国机构养老社区的空间发展新动向,提出了相应的政策响应和学术启示,以期为中国机构养老事业的优化发展提供新思路。

关键词: 机构养老, 人本化, 养老社区, 政策响应, 美国经验

Abstract:

With the rapid aging of population, China faces a series of challenges, particularly in the development of human-oriented institutional elderly care communities. Based on a systematic review and analysis of some cases and best practices in the United States, this article identifies four dynamic trends in developing institutional elderly care communities that these communities tend to: (1) be located in places with high climate amenities and attractive landscape; (2) be embedded in larger and comprehensive elderly care communities with high urbanity; (3) be endowed with more flexible functional zoning and senior-friendly design in inner-space planning; and (4) involve multiple investors with an emphasis on public-private partnership (PPP) in financing. Learning from the advanced experiences from the United States, this article then puts forward some policy suggestions and discusses their implications for China, for inspiring new thinking for China's development of institutional elderly care communities.

Key words: institutional elderly care, human-oriented space making, elderly care communities, policy response, US experience