地理科学进展

地理科学进展 ›› 2016, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (7): 910-919.doi: 10.18306/dlkxjz.2016.07.012

• 研究综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

批判转向以来地名学研究回顾与展望

纪小美1, 王卫平1, 陈洁1, 陶卓民1,*(), 付业勤2   

  1. 1. 南京师范大学地理科学学院,南京 210023
    2. 海南师范大学旅游学院, 海口 571158
  • 收稿日期:2016-03-01 修回日期:2016-05-01 出版日期:2016-07-20 发布日期:2016-07-20
  • 通讯作者: 陶卓民
  • 作者简介:

    作者简介：纪小美(1988-),女,福建福清人,博士生,研究方向为旅游地理学与文化地理学,E-mail: zhangyuge20105@sina.cn。

  • 基金资助:
    基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目(41571139); 江苏省普通高校研究生科研创新计划项目

Review and prospect of toponymy research since the 1980s

Xiaomei JI1, Weiping WANG1, Jie CHEN1, Zhuomin TAO1,*(), Yeqin FU2   

  1. 1. School of Geographic Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
    2. Tourism College, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China
  • Received:2016-03-01 Revised:2016-05-01 Online:2016-07-20 Published:2016-07-20
  • Contact: Zhuomin TAO
  • Supported by:
    Foundation: National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.41571139; The Graduate Students’ Scientific Research Innovation Project of Education Department of Jiangsu Province

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摘要：

20世纪80年代开始,包括人文地理学在内的国外学术界对传统地名学进行了批判转向,重视剖析地方命名与更名背后的社会关系与权力斗争。本文首先评述了批判转向以来,国外地名研究在政治、经济、社会与管理维度上的相关进展;其次,评述了目前国内的政区更名、地名商品化、地名争夺、地名与文化认同等可归为批判地名学范畴的研究进展;最后指出批判转向给国内地名学研究的启示,并结合社会主义市场经济与快速城镇化背景对地名研究进行展望。

关键词: 地名研究, 批判转向, 述评, 展望

Abstract:

Since the 1980s, international toponymy research by scholars including human geographers has shifted away from the traditional research paradigm using descriptive method to exploring origin, classification, dissemination, and diffusion of individual place names. The critical theory of humanities and social sciences gives birth to critical toponymy, and the new paradigm abandoned the pervious popular belief that place name is merely a neutral landmark for indicating geographic location. The new paradigm tends to focus on the dissection of the cultural, economic, and political motivations of naming or renaming, and attaches great importance to the critical interpretation of evolution of place-name landscape based on the perspectives of power competition and social relations. This critical turn provides an opportunity to better explain the tremendous changes in the place-name landscape in Chinese from the 1980s—an era that are characterized by the development of the market economy and rapid urbanization. This article first provides a comprehensive review of the main research content and development of critical toponymy in international academic circles with regard to economic, political, social, and administrative dimensions. It then elaborates on the progress of relevant research in Chinese, including name change of administrative division and streets in urban areas, commercialization of place name, competition for place name, place name and cultural identity, and so on. Last, the authors discuss the prospect of critical toponymy in Chinese in line with the socioeconomic development and take the Western critical toponymy as lessons dialectically. On the economic dimension, Chinese toponymic scholars need to pay greater attention to the economic benefit of coordinating the other dimensions; on the political and administrative dimensions, securing the naming right of disadvantaged groups should be of higher concern; with regard to the social aspect, the role of place name in cultural identity deserves great importance in the context of new urbanization.

Key words: toponymy research, critical turn, review, prospect