地理科学进展 ›› 2016, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (3): 358-367.doi: 10.18306/dlkxjz.2016.03.010
徐宜青1(), 潘峰华1,*(
), 江小雨2, 曲亚霖1, 梁进社1
收稿日期:
2015-07-01
接受日期:
2016-01-01
出版日期:
2016-03-25
发布日期:
2016-03-25
通讯作者:
潘峰华
作者简介:
作者简介:徐宜青(1993-),女,江苏南京人,本科生,主要从事金融地理研究,E-mail:
基金资助:
Yiqing XU1(), Fenghua PAN1,*(
), Xiaoyu JIANG2, Yalin QU1, Jinshe LIANG1
Received:
2015-07-01
Accepted:
2016-01-01
Online:
2016-03-25
Published:
2016-03-25
Contact:
Fenghua PAN
Supported by:
摘要:
国内外有关风险投资(VC)空间集聚的研究大多基于国家层面,本文基于北京市VC机构的位置和联合投资信息,运用本文空间分析与社会网络分析技术,研究VC机构的空间集聚和合作网络。空间分析发现,VC机构主要集聚在CBD、金融街、中关村三大核心区;在时间尺度上呈现分散—集聚—再分散的趋势。其中,国资机构主要集聚于金融街,外资机构主要落户于CBD,且以私募基金(PE)类机构为主;中关村则依托高新技术成为创新型企业的融资区。叠加合作网络后进一步发现,城市尺度下的VC机构合作并不受地理区位限制,并且各个VC集聚区之间关系颇为紧密。按“中心度”到“边缘—核心”的递推分析表明,外资机构在北京市风险投资合作网络中具有突出地位,其对联合投资的偏好主导了网络的形态。国资虽占据了部分网络节点但核心地位不够突出,而本土民营机构虽然数量较大但在网络中多处于半边缘位置。
徐宜青, 潘峰华, 江小雨, 曲亚霖, 梁进社. 北京市风险投资的空间分布与合作网络研究[J]. 地理科学进展, 2016, 35(3): 358-367.
Yiqing XU, Fenghua PAN, Xiaoyu JIANG, Yalin QU, Jinshe LIANG. The geography and syndication investment networks of venture capital in Beijing[J]. PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2016, 35(3): 358-367.
1 | 成思危. 2013. 2013年中国风险投资年鉴[M]. 北京: 民主与建设出版社. |
[Cheng S W.2013. 2013 China venture capital yearbook[M]. Beijing, China: Democracy and Construction Press.] | |
2 | 崔毅, 陈悦林, 张晨. 2011. 风险投资区域集聚支持环境综合评价及差异分析[J]. 科技管理研究, (2): 70-73. |
[Cui Y, Chen Y L, Zhang C.2011. Synthetic evaluation and variation analysis of supporting environment of VC regional cluster[J]. Science and Technology Management Research, (2): 70-73.] | |
3 | 房四海. 2010. 风险投资与创业板[M]. 北京: 机械工业出版社: 121-122. |
[Fang S H.2010. Fengxian touzi yu chuangyeban[M]. Beijing, China: China Machine Press: 121-122.] | |
4 | 侯建仁, 郭文新, 曾勇. 2008. 国有风险投资机构的经济分析[C]//中国管理现代化研究会. 第三届中国管理学年会: 技术与创新管理分会场论文集. 北京: 中国管理现代化研究会: 13. |
[Hou J R, Guo W X, Zeng Y.2008. An economic analysis of state-owned venture capital institution[C]//Chinese Society for Management Modernization. The 3th Chinese academy of management annual meeting: Memoir of technology and innovation management parallel sessions. Beijing, China: Chinese Society for Management Modernization: 13.] | |
5 | 李军, 王玉荣. 2013 制度学习、网络中心性和市场进入: 跨国风险资本在华投资的实证研究[J]. 国际贸易问题, (1): 131-145. |
[Li J, Wang Y R.2013. Institutional learning, syndication network centrality and foreign market entry: Evidence from an empirical study on cross-border venture capital in China[J]. Journal of International Trade, (1): 131-145.] | |
6 | 刘曼红. 2005. 我国风险投资的现状及前景[J]. 中关村, (10): 27-29. |
[Liu M H.2005. Condition and prospect of venture investment in China[J]. Zhongguancun, (10): 27-29.] | |
7 | 罗家德. 2010. 社会网分析讲义[M]. 2版. 北京: 社会科学文献出版社. |
[Luo J D.2010. Social network analysis[M]. 2nd ed. Beijing, China: Social Sciences Academic Press.] | |
8 | 田芸菁. 2012. 我国风险投资区域聚集效应及其环境支持因素研究[D]. 上海: 复旦大学. |
[Tian Y J.2012. Woguo fengxian touzi quyu juji xiaoying jiqi huanjing zhichi yinsu yanjiu[D]. Shanghai, China: Fudan University.] | |
9 | 汪明峰, 魏也华, 邱娟. 2014. 中国风险投资活动的空间集聚与城市网络[J]. 财经研究, 40(4): 117-131. |
[Wang M F, Wei Y H, Qiu J.2014. Spatial agglomeration and urban network of venture capital investment in China[J]. Journal of Finance and Economics, 40(4): 117-131.] | |
10 | 徐晓红, 潘峰华, 梁进社. 2015. 我国风险投资的空间格局研究[C]//中国地理学会经济地理专业委员会. 2015年中国地理学会经济地理专业委员会学术研讨会论文摘要集. 长春: 中国地理学会经济地理专业委员会: 1. |
[Xu X H, Pan F H, Liang J S.2015. Woguo fengxian touzi de kongjian geju yanjiu[C]//Geographical Society of China, Economic Geography Committee. 2015. Proceedings from the symposium of the 2015 national geographic society of China Economic Geography Committee. Changchun, China: Geographical Society of China, Economic Geography Committee: 1.] | |
11 |
张海燕, 袁新敏, 沈玉芳. 2012. 风险投资空间行为研究动态与展望[J]. 科技进步与对策, 29(11): 151-155.
doi: 10.6049/kjjbydc.2011030973 |
[Zhang H Y, Yuan X M, Shen Y F.2012. The research progress and prospect on the spatial behavior of venture capital[J]. Science & Technology Progress and Policy, 29(11): 151-155.]
doi: 10.6049/kjjbydc.2011030973 |
|
12 | 郑鸣, 陈石. 2011. 私募股权基金投资网络关系测度实证研究[J]. 证券市场导报, (10): 43-49. |
[Zheng M, Chen S.2011. The empirical research on the assessment of private equity funds' investment network relations[J]. Securities Market Herald, (10): 43-49.] | |
13 |
Bonacich P.1987. Power and centrality: A family of measures[J]. American Journal of Sociology, 92(5): 1170-1182.
doi: 10.1086/228631 |
14 |
Chen H, Gompers P, Kovner A, et al.2010. Buy local? The geography of venture capital[J]. Journal of Urban Economics, 67(1): 90-102.
doi: 10.1016/j.jue.2009.09.013 |
15 |
Christensen J L.2007. The development of geographical specialization of venture capital[J]. European Planning Studies, 15(6): 817-833.
doi: 10.1080/09654310701232137 |
16 |
Florida R, Smith Jr D F.1993. Venture capital formation, investment, and regional industrialization[J]. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 83(3): 434-451.
doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8306.1993.tb01944.x |
17 |
Florida R L, Kenney M.1988. Venture capital, high technology and regional development[J]. Regional Studies, 22(1): 33-48.
doi: 10.1080/00343408812331344750 |
18 | Friedman J R.1966. Regional development policy: A case of venezuela[M]. Cambridge, Britain: MIT Press. |
19 | Fritch M, Schilder D.2007. Is there a regional equity gap for innovative start-ups? The case of Germany[M]//Dowing M, Schmude J. Entrepreneurship in Europe: New perspectives. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elagr: 200-213. |
20 |
Hochberg Y V, Ljungqvist A, Lu Y.2007. Whom you know matters: Venture capital networks and investment performance[J]. Journal of Finance, 62(1): 251-301.
doi: 10.1111/j.1540-6261.2007.01207.x |
21 | Lerner J. 2010. Geography, venture capital, and public policy[EB/OL]. 2010-03-24[2014-06-15]. . |
22 | Lindgaard J.2007. The development of venture capital[J]. Eurpean Planning Studies, 15(6): 817-833. |
23 | Malecki E J.1997. Entrepreneurs, networks, and economic development: A review of recent research[J]. Advances in Entrepreneurship, Firm Emergence and Growth, 3: 57-118. |
24 | Martin R, Berndt C, Klagge B, et al.2005. Spatial proximity effects and regional equity gaps in the venture capital market: Evidence from Germany and the United Kingdom[J]. Environment and Planning A, 37(7): 1207-1231. |
25 |
Martin R, Sunley P, Turner D.2002. Taking risks in regions: The geographical anatomy of Europe's emerging venture capital market[J]. Journal of Economic Geography, 2(2): 121-150.
doi: 10.1093/jeg/2.2.121 |
26 | Mason C M, Harrison R T.2002. The geography of venture capital investments in the UK[J]. Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers, 27(4): 427-451. |
27 | Osama A, Pardee F S.2002. Transplanting venture capital in developing countries and emerging markets: Towards a system of innovation approach[R]. AAAS Research Symposium with Next Generation of Leaders in Science and Technology Policy. Washington DC: AAAS. |
28 |
Schwartzd D, Bar-El R.2007. Venture investments in Israel: A regional perspective[J]. European Planning Studies, 15(5): 623-644.
doi: 10.1080/09654310701213905 |
29 |
Stuart T, Sorenson O.2003. The geography of opportunity: Spatial heterogeneity in founding rates and the performance of biotechnology firms[J]. Research Policy, 32(2): 229-253.
doi: 10.1016/S0048-7333(02)00098-7 |
30 | Thompson C.1989. The geography of venture capital[J]. Progress in Human Geography, 13(1): 62-98. |
31 |
Wang C C, Lin G C S.2013. Emerging geography of technological innovation in China's ICT industry: Region, inter-firm linkages and innovative performance in a transitional economy[J]. Asia Pacific Viewpoint, 54(1): 33-48.
doi: 10.1111/apv.12005 |
32 |
Wang L F, Wang S S.2012. Economic freedom and cross-border venture capital performance[J]. Journal of Empirical Finance, 19(1): 26-50.
doi: 10.1016/j.jempfin.2011.10.002 |
33 |
Wilson R.1968. The theory of syndicates[J]. Econometrica, 36(1): 119-132.
doi: 10.2307/1909607 |
34 |
Zhang J.2011. The spatial dynamics of globalizing venture capital in China[J]. Environment and Planning A, 43(7): 1562-1580.
doi: 10.1068/a43562 |
[1] | 苏文松, 郭雨臣, 苑丁波, 杨帆, 刘双. 中关村科技园区智慧产业集群的演化过程、动力因素和集聚模式[J]. 地理科学进展, 2020, 39(9): 1485-1497. |
[2] | 孙娜, 张梅青. 基于高铁流的中国城市网络结构特征演变研究[J]. 地理科学进展, 2020, 39(5): 727-737. |
[3] | 朱冠宇, 陈鹏. 基于共同犯罪的犯罪人地域关系网络的空间演化及其影响因素——以北京市诈骗案件为例[J]. 地理科学进展, 2020, 39(5): 792-803. |
[4] | 郭庆宾, 骆康, 刘承良. 长江经济带城市群要素集聚能力差异的比较研究[J]. 地理科学进展, 2020, 39(4): 542-552. |
[5] | 刘汉初, 樊杰, 张海朋, 王甫园. 珠三角城市群制造业集疏与产业空间格局变动[J]. 地理科学进展, 2020, 39(2): 195-206. |
[6] | 郑艳婷. 中国城市群的空间模式——分散性区域集聚的理论背景、形成机理及最新进展[J]. 地理科学进展, 2020, 39(2): 339-352. |
[7] | 崔喆, 沈丽珍, 刘子慎. 南京市新街口CBD服务业空间集聚及演变特征——基于微观企业数据[J]. 地理科学进展, 2020, 39(11): 1832-1844. |
[8] | 刘玉潇, 王茂军. 中国城市日企的同业与同源效应——以京、沪、广、深为例[J]. 地理科学进展, 2020, 39(11): 1845-1859. |
[9] | 周晓艳, 侯美玲, 李霄雯. 独角兽企业内部联系视角下中国城市创新网络空间结构研究[J]. 地理科学进展, 2020, 39(10): 1667-1676. |
[10] | 胡小芳, 李小雅, 王天宇, 赵红敏, 杨铄, 邓磊, 李景旺. 民宿空间分布的集聚模式与影响因素研究——基于杭州、湖州、恩施的比较[J]. 地理科学进展, 2020, 39(10): 1698-1707. |
[11] | 曹志宏, 郝晋珉, 邢红萍. 中国居民食物消费碳排放时空演变趋势及其驱动机制分析[J]. 地理科学进展, 2020, 39(1): 91-99. |
[12] | 李博, 田闯, 史钊源, 韩增林. 辽宁沿海地区海洋经济增长质量空间特征及影响要素[J]. 地理科学进展, 2019, 38(7): 1080-1092. |
[13] | 张红霞, 苏勤, 张影莎. 社会网络分析在国外旅游研究中的应用进展[J]. 地理科学进展, 2019, 38(4): 520-532. |
[14] | 李钢, 陈未雨, 杨兰, 刘倩, 陈曦亮. 武汉市快递自提点的空间格局与集聚模式研究[J]. 地理科学进展, 2019, 38(3): 407-416. |
[15] | 文嫮, 张强国, 杜恒, 罗芬. 北京电影产业空间集聚与网络权力分布特征研究[J]. 地理科学进展, 2019, 38(11): 1747-1758. |
|