结构—功能—生境框架下的西南喀斯特生态系统脆弱性研究进展

doi:10.18306/dlkxjz.2016.03.006

地理科学进展 ›› 2016, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (3): 320-330.doi: 10.18306/dlkxjz.2016.03.006

结构—功能—生境框架下的西南喀斯特生态系统脆弱性研究进展

侯文娟^1,²(), 高江波^1,^*(), 彭韬^3,⁴, 吴绍洪¹, 戴尔阜¹

1. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,中国科学院陆地表层格局与模拟重点实验室,北京 100101
2. 中国科学院大学,北京 100049
3. 中国科学院地球化学研究所,环境地球化学国家重点实验室,贵阳 550002
4. 普定喀斯特生态系统观测研究站,贵州普定 562100

收稿日期:2015-04-01 接受日期:2015-08-01 出版日期:2016-03-25 发布日期:2016-03-25
通讯作者: 高江波
作者简介:
作者简介：侯文娟(1989-),女,山东莱芜人,博士研究生,主要从事喀斯特生态系统脆弱性及地表水热过程等方面研究,E-mail: houwj_13b@igsnrr.ac.cn。
基金资助:
国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2015CB452702);国家自然科学基金项目(41301089);国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAC19B10,2013BAC04B02)

Review of ecosystem vulnerability studies in the karst region of Southwest China based on a structure-function-habitat framework

Wenjuan HOU^1,²(), Jiangbo GAO^1,^*(), Tao PENG^3,⁴, Shaohong WU¹, Erfu DAI¹

1. Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing100101, China
2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
3. State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, CAS, Guiyang 550002, China
4. Puding Karst Ecosystem Research Station, Puding 562100, Guizhou, China

Received:2015-04-01 Accepted:2015-08-01 Online:2016-03-25 Published:2016-03-25
Contact: Jiangbo GAO
Supported by:
National Basic Research Program of China, No.2015CB452702;National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.41301089;National Science and Technology Support Program of China, No.2012BAC19B10, No.2013BAC04B02

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

特殊的地质背景与生态环境叠加强烈的人类活动,导致中国西南喀斯特地区生态系统呈现显著的脆弱性特征。从生态系统敏感性和适应性角度出发,喀斯特生态系统结构、功能和生境对外界扰动响应的脆弱性特征研究已取得一定进展,尤其是借助物种多样性、生态系统生产力、土壤水分/养分等指标揭示了喀斯特生态系统对土地利用/覆被变化、石漠化等过程的敏感性等方面,但综合野外试验、数值模拟、数理统计等手段的生态系统敏感性定量化研究仍较薄弱。在生态系统适应性方面,虽然具有喜钙、耐旱以及石生等特性的植物种群通过形态结构和生理功能的自我调节能够呈现出对岩溶环境的适应性,但喀斯特生态系统对人类干扰和气候变化等环境胁迫响应的适应机制仍缺乏长期的生物及理化过程研究。今后,应针对生态系统结构、功能、生境间的正反馈机制,增强系统组分的耦合分析,加强喀斯特生态系统脆弱性驱动机制研究与定量评估,突出系统脆弱性在石漠化遏制和生态恢复重建中的关键地位。

关键词: 喀斯特生态系统, 脆弱性, 石漠化, 结构—功能—生境, 研究进展

Abstract:

During the past decades, due to the intensified human disturbance and its special geological background and ecological environment, karst ecosystem in the southwestern part of China exhibited significant vulnerability, which hinders the sustainable development of the social-economic-ecological system of the region. Based on system sensitivity and adaptability, a large number of studies have investigated the vulnerability of karst ecosystem structure, function, and habitat to external disturbance. Especially, indicators of ecosystem diversity, key species, productivity, and soil physical/chemical properties were applied to reveal ecosystem sensitivity to land use/cover change and rocky desertification. However, research on quantification of ecosystem sensitivity by field experiment, mechanism models, and mathematical statistics, is less advanced. Although some karst-suitable plants present adaptability to karst drought environment by self-regulation of morphological structure and physiological function, the ecosystem adaption mechanism or biophysical/biochemical processes in response to environmental threat (e.g. human disturbance and climate change) remain unclear. Due to the close interaction of ecosystem structure, function, and habitat, future research should examine the response of coupled ecosystem components to promote the study of driving mechanism and quantitative assessment of karst ecosystem vulnerability. Furthermore, research on ecosystem vulnerability at different succession stages of karst rocky desertification needs to be strengthened to advance rocky desertification control and ecological restoration and reconstruction.

Key words: karst ecosystem, vulnerability, desertification, structure-function-habitat, progress and prospect

侯文娟, 高江波, 彭韬, 吴绍洪, 戴尔阜. 结构—功能—生境框架下的西南喀斯特生态系统脆弱性研究进展[J]. 地理科学进展, 2016, 35(3): 320-330.

Wenjuan HOU, Jiangbo GAO, Tao PENG, Shaohong WU, Erfu DAI. Review of ecosystem vulnerability studies in the karst region of Southwest China based on a structure-function-habitat framework[J]. PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2016, 35(3): 320-330.

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	整体框架	关键指标
生态系统脆弱性	生态系统形态结构	生物多样性
		关键种
		群落结构
		植物形态结构
	生态系统关键功能	净第一性生产力(NPP)
		净生态系统生产力(NEP)
		营养元素循环
		生理生化过程
	生态系统土壤生境	土壤机械组成
		土壤水力学性质
		土壤养分状况

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结构—功能—生境框架下的西南喀斯特生态系统脆弱性研究进展

Review of ecosystem vulnerability studies in the karst region of Southwest China based on a structure-function-habitat framework

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