珠江三角洲客货运量位序—规模分布特征及其变化

doi:10.18306/dlkxjz.2016.01.012

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

客货流地理是交通地理学研究的传统重要领域。本文利用位序—规模分布理论,对1980-2010年珠江三角洲客货运量等级规模结构分布特征及其变化进行研究。结果表明：客货运量规模的q值均大于1,符合位序—规模分布特征,但客运规模分布更显著。客运量q值先减小后增大,呈现出非均衡—相对均衡—非均衡演变特征;货运量q值逐渐降低,呈现出非均衡—相对均衡演变特征。在空间格局方面,客运空间格局呈现出由初期以广州为单中心向心型客运联系向穗莞深多中心客运联系转变;珠三角产业结构趋同性及以广州为中心的放射状交通网络结构,使得货运空间格局呈现出长期以广州为核心单核主导特征,主要表现为递接性联系特征。

关键词: 客货运量, 位序—规模, 齐夫(Zipf)定律, 地域分布, 珠江三角洲

Abstract:

Passenger and freight flow distribution and dynamic change are the characteristic index of regional transport patterns. This article analyzes passenger and freight flow rank-size distribution and regional patterns between 1980 and 2010 in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) area using the rank-size distribution theory. The results show that: passenger and freight flow q values were greater than 1, in line with rank-size distribution, but the distribution was more in line with the size of the passenger rank-size distribution. Passenger q value decreased and then increased, showing non-equilibrium-relative equilibrium-disequilibrium evolution characteristics. The q values of freight flow decreased, showing non-equilibrium-relatively balanced evolution characteristics. With regard to the spatial pattern, passenger flow shifted from a single center to multi-centers, with a macro scale “point shaft” and mesa-scale “hub and spoke” regional system. Freight flow showed a long-term pattern of monocytes leading to the macro and mesa scale “hub and spoke” system. Convergence of industrial structure in the PRD, light industry-dominated industrial structure, coupled with the single center (Guangzhou) radial transport network determined the spatial pattern of monocyte freight flow.

Key words: passenger and freight flows, rank-size, Zipf law, regional distribution, Pearl River Delta

李涛, 曹小曙, 杨文越. 珠江三角洲客货运量位序—规模分布特征及其变化[J]. 地理科学进展, 2016, 35(1): 108-117.

Tao LI, Xiaoshu CAO, Wenyue YANG. Rank-size distribution and evolution of passenger and freight flows in the Pearl River Delta[J]. PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2016, 35(1): 108-117.

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年份	无标度区范围	拟合方程	Zipf参数(q)	拟合优度(R²)
1980	1~26	y = -1.4551x + 8.3958	1.4551	0.9371
1990	1~29	y = -1.2445x + 9.6219	1.2445	0.9479
2000	1~29	y = -1.3594x + 10.670	1.3594	0.9327
2010	1~29	y = -1.6020x + 12.492	1.6020	0.9406

年份	无标度区范围	拟合方程	Zipf参数(q)	拟合优度(R²)	首位度
1980	1~24	y = -1.1480x + 7.9481	1.1480	0.9332	5.71
1990	1~24	y = -1.0580x + 8.7960	1.0580	0.9186	6.01
2000	1~27	y = -1.1043x + 9.7763	1.1043	0.9257	3.63
2010	1~27	y = -1.1001x + 11.408	1.1001	0.9356	1.18