亚热带季风区湖沼流域表生地球化学元素研究——以江西定南大湖为例

doi:10.18306/dlkxjz.2015.07.012

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

湖沼沉积物地球化学元素对地球气候环境变化敏感性强。本文以江西定南大湖湖沼沉积物地球化学元素为研究对象,使用主成分分析法,并结合总有机碳(TOC)、有机碳同位素(δ¹³Corg)、中值粒径(Md)、化学蚀变指数(CIA)等相关气候代用指标,以元素组对的形式阐释不同地化元素响应不同气候环境下的地球化学行为和迁移规律。研究结果显示：第一主成分(PC1)包括Al₂O₃、TiO₂、SiO₂、Nb、Rb、Ga、Ba、S等元素,曲线变化与CIA相似,指示湖泊流域的化学风化强度,气候暧湿,PC1含量高;第二主成分(PC2)包括Co、Zr、Hf元素,曲线变化与中值粒径较为一致,指示湖泊流域的水动力条件,气候冷干,PC2含量高;第三主成分(PC3)包括Sc、Cu、U、V元素,曲线变化与TOC、δ¹³Corg含量变化一致。大湖沉积物的物质来源为：在气候暧湿、流域化学风化作用强的条件下,地表径流冲刷流域周边花岗岩风化壳物质并搬运至湖盆沉积,但不排除在冷干时期,风力携带粉尘物质堆积的影响,粉尘物质可能主要源于周边的风化碎屑物。

关键词: 定南大湖, 地化元素, 主成分分析, 气候变化, 沉积物源

Abstract:

Geochemical elements of the lacustrine-swamp sediments are very sensitive to climate change. This study focused on the geochemical elements of the Dingnan Dahu swamp, Jiangxi Province and extracted three main component groups by using the principal component analysis method combined with related climate proxies, such as total organic carbon (TOC), organic carbon isotope (δ¹³C_org), median grain size (Md) and chemical index of alteration (CIA). Base on these element groups, we interpret how different geochemical elements respond to variant climate conditions and their behavior patterns. The result shows that the first principal component (PC1), includes the elements of Al₂O₃, TiO₂, SiO₂, Nb, Rb, Ga, Ba, S, and so on, indicates the weathering intensity of the lake basin; the second principal component (PC2), includes the elements of Co, Zr, and Hf, indicates hydrodynamic conditions of the Dingnan Dahu swamp; and the third principal component (PC3), includes the elements of Sc, Cu, U, and V, is heavily affected by the organic matter of the marshland. The curve of PC1 is similar to CIA, and higher loadings of PC1 suggests a warm and wet climate. The variation trends of PC2 and PC3 are similar to Md and TOC(and δ¹³C_org), respectively, and the higher loadings of PC2 and PC3 both suggest a cold and dry climate. The origin of this lacustrine deposit was mainly the local weathered products washed by surface runoff under the condition of warm and wet climate and strong chemical weathering. However, during the cold and dry periods, strong winter monsoon might have carried dust from local weathered products and deposited to the basin as well.

Key words: Dingnan Dahu, geochemical elements, principal component analysis, climate change, sedimentary source

魏志强, 钟巍, 陈永强, 谭玲玲. 亚热带季风区湖沼流域表生地球化学元素研究——以江西定南大湖为例[J]. 地理科学进展, 2015, 34(7): 909-917.

Zhiqiang WEI, Wei ZHONG, Yongqiang CHEN, Lingling TAN. Supergene geochemical elements of swampy basin in the subtropical monsoon region: a case study of Dingnan Dahu in Jiangxi Province[J]. PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2015, 34(7): 909-917.

图/表 6

图1

图2

表1

表2

图3

图4

参考文献 36

1	陈敬安, 万国江, 陈振楼, 等. 1999. 洱海沉积物化学元素与古气候演化[J]. 地球化学, 28(6): 562-570.
	[Chen J A, Wan G J, Chen Z L, et al.1999. Chemical elements in sediments of Lake Erhai and palaeoclimate evolution[J]. Geochimica, 28(6): 562-570.]
2	杜晨, 张兵, 张世涛, 等. 2012. 浅谈湖泊沉积环境演变中元素地球化学的应用及原理[J]. 地质与资源, 21(5): 487-492.
	[Du C, Zhang B, Zhang S T, et al.2012. Application and principle of element geochemistry in the evolution of lake sedimentary environment[J]. Geology and Resources, 21(5): 487-492.]
3	李徐生, 韩志勇, 杨守业, 等. 2007. 镇江下蜀土剖面的化学风化强度与元素迁移特征[J]. 地理学报, 62(11): 1174-1184.
	[Li X S, Han Z Y, Yang S Y, et al.2007. Chemical weathering intensity and element migration features of the Xiashu loess profile in Zhenjiang[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 62(11): 1174-1184.]
4	欧阳军, 钟巍, 薛积彬, 等. 2010. 我国低纬季风区晚冰期以来水文变化: 南岭东部高分辨率湖沼沉积记录[J]. 地质学报, 84(12): 1839-1853.
	[Ouyang J, Zhong W, Xue J B, et al.2010. Hydrological variation of monsoon-dominated low latitude region since late glacial: high-resolution lake sedimentary record from East Nanling Mountains, China[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica, 84(12): 1839-1853.]
5	汪海斌, 刘连友, 冯兆东. 2008. 末次间冰期古土壤的Zr/Rb值时空分布特征及其影响因素[J]. 科学通报, 53(2): 238-246.
	[Wang H B, Liu L Y, Feng Z D.2008. Spatial and temporal distribution characteristic of the paleosol's Zr/Rb values and it's influence factors in the last interglacial[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 53(2): 238-246.]
6	萧家仪, 吕海波, 周卫健, 等. 2007. 末次盛冰期以来江西大湖孢粉植被与环境演变[J]. 中国科学: 地球科学, 37(6): 789-797.
	[Xiao J Y, Lv H B, Zhou W J, et al.2007. Sporopollen vegetation and environmental evolution since last glacial maximum in Dahu swamp, Jiangxi[J]. Science China: Earth Sciences, 37(6): 789-797.]
7	薛积彬, 钟巍, 彭晓莹, 等. 2007. 南岭东部大湖泥炭沉积记录的古气候[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质, 27(5): 105-113.
	[Xue J B, Zhong W, Peng X Y, et al.2007. Plaeoclimate significance for the past 12 ka BP revealed by Dahu peat record in the eastern south mountain[J]. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 27(5): 105-113.]
8	杨艺, 王汝建, 刘建, 等. 2014. 新疆罗布泊45 ka BP 以来沉积物元素地球化学特征及其环境指示意义[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质, 34(4): 133-144.
	[Yang Y, Wang R J, Liu J, et al.2014. Element geochemistry of lacustrine sediments in Lop Nur and their environmental significance over the past 45 ka BP[J]. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 34(4): 133-144.]
9	张虎才. 1997. 元素表生地球化学特征及理论基础[M]. 兰州: 兰州大学出版社: 27-37.
	[Zhang H C.1997. Yuansu biaosheng diqiu huaxue tezheng ji lilun jichu[M]. Lanzhou, China: the Press of Lanzhou University: 27-37.]
10	Bakke J, Trachsel M, Kvisvik B C, et al.2013. Numerical analyses of a multi-proxy data set from a distal glacier-fed lake, Sørsendalsvatn, western Norway[J]. Quaternary Science Reviews, 73: 182-195.
11	Feng L J, Chu X L, Zhang Q R, et al.2003. CIA and its applications in the Neoproterozoic clastic rocks[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 10(4): 539-544.
12	Finney B P, Johnson T C.1991. Sedimentation in Lake Malawi (East Africa) during the past 10000 years: a continuous paleoclimatic record from the southern tropics[J]. Paleogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 85(3-4): 351-366.
13	Herzschuh U.2006. Palaeo-moisture evolution in monsoonal Central Asia during the last 50000 years[J]. Quaternary Science Reviews, 25: 163-178.
14	Jahn B M, Gallet S, Han J M.2001. Geochemistry of the Xining, Xifeng and Jixian sections, Loess Plateau of China: eolian dust provenance and paleosol evolution during the last 140 ka[J]. Chemical Geology, 178(1): 71-94.
15	Jochum K P, Seufert H M, Spettel Bet al.1986. The solar-system abundances of Nb, Ta and Y, and the relative abundances of refractory lithophile elements in differentiated planetary bodies[J]. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 50(6): 1173-1183.
16	Kylander M E, Muller J, Wüst R A J, et al.2007. Rare earth element and Pb isotope variations in a 52 kyr peat core from Lynch's Crater (NE Queensland, Australia): proxy development and application to paleoclimate in the Southern Hemisphere[J]. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 71(4): 942-960.
17	Kylander M E, Bindler R, Cortizas A M, et al.2013. A novel geochemical approach to paleorecords of dust deposition and effective humidity: 8500 years of peat accumulation at Store Mosse (the "Great Bog"), Sweden[J]. Quaternary Science Reviews, 69: 69-82.
18	Mackereth F J H.1966. Some chemical observations on postglacial lake sediments[J]. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, Series B: Biological Sciences, 250: 165-213.
19	Marion F, Dominik J W, Baruch S, et al.2012. The inorganic geochemistry of a peat deposit on the eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and insights into changing atmospheric circulation in Central Asia during the Holocene[J]. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 91: 7-31.
20	McLennan S M.1993. Weathering and global denudation[J]. Journal of Geology, 101(2): 295-303.
21	Menking K M, Bischoff J L, Fitzpatrick J A, et al.1997. Climatic/hydrologic oscillation since 155000 yr BP at Owens Lake, California, reflected in abundance and stable isotope composition of sediment carbonate[J]. Quaternary Research, 48(1): 58-68.
22	Porter S C, An Z S.1995. Correlation between climate events in the North Atlantic and China during the last glaciations[J]. Nature, 375: 305-308.
23	Røthe T O, Bakke J, Vasskog K, et al.2015. Arctic Holocene glacier fluctuations reconstructed from lake sediments at Mitrahalvøya, Spitsbergen[J]. Quaternary Science Reviews, 109: 111-125.
24	Shannon R D.1976. Revised effective ionic radii and systematic studies of interatomic distances in halides and chalcogenides[J]. Acta Crystallographica, Section A, 32(5): 751-767.
25	Shuman B, Bravo J, Kaye J, et al.2001. Late Quaternary water-level variations and vegetation history at Crooked Pond, Southeastern Massachusetts[J]. Quaternary Research, 56(3): 401-410.
26	Sun Q L, Wang S M, Zhou J, et al.2010. Sediment geochemistry of Lake Daihai, north-central China: implications for catchment weathering and climate change during the Holocene[J]. Journal of Paleolimnology, 43(1): 75-87.
27	Wang H, Liu H, Gui H, et al.2001. Terminal Plesitocene/Holocene palaeoenvironmental changes revealed by mineral magnetism measurements of lake sediments for Dali Nor area, southeastern Inner Mongolia Plateau, China[J]. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 170(1): 115-132.
28	Wei G J, Xie L H, Sun Y G, et al.2012. Major and trace elements of a peat core from Yunnan, Southwest China: implications for paleoclimatic proxies[J]. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 58: 64-77.
29	Xue J B, Zhong W, Cao J Y.2014. Changes in C3 and C4 plant abundances reflect climate changes from 41000 to 10000 yr ago in northern Leizhou Peninsula, South China[J]. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 396: 173-182.
30	Yancheva G, Nowaczyk N R, Mingram J, et al.2007a. Influence of the intertropical convergence zone on the East Asian monsoon[J]. Nature, 445: 74-77.
31	Yancheva G, Nowaczyk N R, Mingram J, et al.2007b. Reply to comment "Record of winter monsoon strength" by Zhou et al[J]. Nature , 450: E11.
32	Zhong W, Xue J B, Zheng Y M, et al.2010. Variations of monsoonal precipitation over the last 16000 years in the eastern Nanling Mountains, South China[J]. Journal of Paleolimnology, 44(1): 177-188.
33	Zhong W, Xue J B, Zheng Y M, et al.2012. Sediment geochemistry of Dahu swamp in the Nanling Mountains, South China: implication for catchment weathering during the last 16000 years[J]. International Journal of Earth Sciences, 101(2): 453-462.
34	Zhou H Y, Guan H Z, Chi B Q, 2007. Record of the winter monsoon strength[J]. Nature, 450: E10-E11.
35	Zhou H Y, Wang B S, Guan H Z, et al.2009. Constraints from strontium and neodymium isotopic ratios and trace elements on the sources of the sediments in lake Huguang Maar[J]. Quaternary Research, 72(2): 289-300.
36	Zhou W J, Yu X F, Timothy J A J, et al.2004. High-resolution evidence from southern China of an early Holocene optimum and a mid-holocene dry event during the past 18000 years[J]. Quaternary Research, 62(1): 39-48.

主成分	特征值	贡献率/%	累积贡献率/%
PC1	14.146	44.206	44.206
PC2	5.824	18.200	62.407
PC3	4.242	13.256	75.662
PC4	1.897	5.927	81.589
PC5	1.269	3.964	85.553

	Al₂O₃	SiO₂	TiO₂	Rb	Ga	Ba	Pb	CaO	S	Co	Zr	Hf	Ce	Nb	Sc	V	U
SiO₂	0.853^**
TiO₂	0.897^**	0.770^**
Rb	0.880^**	0.765^**	0.757^**
Ga	0.970^**	0.791^**	0.912^**	0.791^**
Ba	0.852^**	0.696^**	0.690^**	0.753^**	0.851^**
Pb	0.824^**	0.715^**	0.771^**	0.856^**	0.738^**	0.546^**
CaO	-0.958	-0.937^**	-0.863^**	-0.874^**	-0.905^**	-0.780^**	-0.820^**
S	-0.892	-0.938^**	-0.816^**	-0.783^**	-0.828^**	-0.665^**	-0.780^**	0.938^**
Co	-0.311^**	-0.315^**	-0.262^*	0.060	-0.428^**	-0.563^**	0.130	0.297^*	0.257^*
Zr	-0.280^*	-0.19096	-0.15842	-0.10613	-0.388^**	-0.465^**	0.143	0.219	0.067	0.560^**
Hf	0.081	0.206	0.158	0.258^*	-0.0648	-0.15021	0.447^**	-0.16507	-0.274^*	0.495^**	0.884^**
Ce	0.254^*	0.125	0.023	0.363^**	0.117	-0.016	0.481^**	-0.21747	-0.236^*	0.554^**	0.185	0.293^*
Nb	0.907^**	0.768^**	0.940^**	0.738^**	0.949^**	0.809^**	0.690^**	-0.862^**	-0.806^**	-0.462^**	-0.264^*	0.042	-0.06211
Sc	-0.14804	-0.450^**	-0.16594	-0.19791	-0.08929	-0.07828	-0.257^*	0.253^*	0.371^**	0.040	-0.336^**	-0.468^**	0.059	-0.16283
V	0.084	-0.243^*	0.012	0.040	0.072	0.002	0.079	0.026	0.136	0.170	-0.11625	-0.1431	0.463^**	-0.00411	0.627^**
U	-0.285	-0.573^**	-0.252^*	-0.385^**	-0.19924	-0.349^**	-0.255^*	0.410^**	0.487^**	0.160	-0.19129	-0.468^**	0.166	-0.307^**	0.569^**	0.500^**
Cu	-0.21993	-0.416^**	-0.294^*	-0.279^*	-0.17426	-0.11907	-0.390^**	0.328^**	0.449^**	0.020	-0.418^**	-0.481^**	0.070	-0.269^*	0.573^**	0.506^**	0.488^**

[1]	邓国富, 李明启. 树轮密度对气候的响应及重建研究进展[J]. 地理科学进展, 2021, 40(2): 343-356.
[2]	敖雪, 翟晴飞, 崔妍, 周晓宇, 沈历都, 赵春雨, 宁喜龙. 基于EOF分解的辽宁省城市化气候效应检测[J]. 地理科学进展, 2020, 39(9): 1532-1543.
[3]	周美君, 李飞, 邵佳琪, 杨海娟. 气候变化背景下中国玉米生产潜力变化特征[J]. 地理科学进展, 2020, 39(3): 443-453.
[4]	宋臻, 史兴民. 雨养农业区农户的气候变化适应行为及影响因素路径分析[J]. 地理科学进展, 2020, 39(3): 461-473.
[5]	张学珍, 郑景云, 郝志新. 中国主要经济区的近期气候变化特征评估[J]. 地理科学进展, 2020, 39(10): 1609-1618.
[6]	谢正辉, 刘斌, 延晓冬, 孟春雷, 徐宪立, 刘宇, 秦佩华, 贾炳浩, 谢瑾博, 李锐超, 王龙欢, 王妍, 陈思. 应对气候变化的城市规划实施效应评估研究[J]. 地理科学进展, 2020, 39(1): 120-131.
[7]	方佳毅, 史培军. 全球气候变化背景下海岸洪水灾害风险评估研究进展与展望[J]. 地理科学进展, 2019, 38(5): 625-636.
[8]	周玉科. 青藏高原植被NDVI对气候因子响应的格兰杰效应分析[J]. 地理科学进展, 2019, 38(5): 718-730.
[9]	张会, 李铖, 程炯, 吴志峰, 吴艳艳. 基于“H-E-V”框架的城市洪涝风险评估研究进展[J]. 地理科学进展, 2019, 38(2): 175-190.
[10]	赵彦茜, 肖登攀, 柏会子, 陶福禄. 中国作物物候对气候变化的响应与适应研究进展[J]. 地理科学进展, 2019, 38(2): 224-235.
[11]	萧凌波. 1736-1911年中国水灾多发区分布及空间迁移特征[J]. 地理科学进展, 2018, 37(4): 495-503.
[12]	张国庆. 青藏高原湖泊变化遥感监测及其对气候变化的响应研究进展[J]. 地理科学进展, 2018, 37(2): 214-223.
[13]	郑景云, 方修琦, 吴绍洪. 中国自然地理学中的气候变化研究前沿进展[J]. 地理科学进展, 2018, 37(1): 16-27.
[14]	吴绍洪, 高江波, 邓浩宇, 刘路路, 潘韬. 气候变化风险及其定量评估方法[J]. 地理科学进展, 2018, 37(1): 28-35.
[15]	傅伯杰. 新时代自然地理学发展的思考[J]. 地理科学进展, 2018, 37(1): 1-7.