基于地理视角的智慧城市规划与建设的理论思考

doi:10.11820/dlkxjz.2015.04.001

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

智慧城市建设是推动城镇化发展的重要动力,其建设除了技术支撑之外,还应充分考虑信息技术对城市政府、企业和居民活动及其空间的影响。本文在对国内智慧城市建设现状与问题分析思考的基础上,认为智慧城市的出现是适应当前城市化战略转型、公共服务提升、社区发展和城市问题解决的必然趋势,从多源异构数据整合、信息系统和空间分析平台两个方面梳理智慧城市建设的关键技术,从流动空间以及新的人地关系、时空协调发展等方面提出智慧城市的理论支撑,并进一步明确地理学应对和研究重点。同时,提出基于城市地理研究的智慧城市规划与建设实践的主要方向,包括顶层设计、功能和空间布局、基础设施整合、城乡治理等内容。

关键词: 信息技术, 智慧城市, 地理学, 流动空间, 人地关系

Abstract:

The construction of smart cities is an important impetus for promoting the development of urbanization. In addition to the technological support, the construction of smart cities should also consider the impact of information technology on city governments, enterprises, and residents' activities and activity space. Based on the analysis of the general situation and consideration of existing problems of the construction of smart cities in China, the authors conclude that the development of smart cities is an inexorable trend to adapt to the strategic transformation of urbanization, upgrading of public services, community development, and solving urban problems. Innovations in geography and their theoretical support function to smart cities are then discussed with regard to the coupling of multiple heterogeneous data, time-space compression, the new mobility paradigm, space of flows, human-nature relationship under new circumstance, and spatiotemporally coordinated development. Also, the innovation research of geography interact with the different systems of smart cities. Based on the research and application of urban geography, we put forward the key aspects of planning and construction of smart cities, including the top design, the distributing of functional zones and spaces, the integration of infrastructure, and rural-urban governance, among others.

Key words: information technologies, smart cities, geography, space of flows, human-nature relationship

甄峰, 席广亮, 秦萧. 基于地理视角的智慧城市规划与建设的理论思考[J]. 地理科学进展, 2015, 34(4): 402-409.

Feng ZHEN, Guangliang XI, Xiao QIN. Smart city planning and construction based on geographic perspectives: some theoretical thinking[J]. PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2015, 34(4): 402-409.

图/表 1

参考文献 23

1	柴彦威, 申悦, 马修军, 等. 2013. 北京居民活动与出行行为时空数据采集与管理[J]. 地理研究, 32(3): 441-451.
	[Chai Y W, Shen Y, Ma X J, et al.2013. The collection and management of space-time data of individual behavior based on location-based technologies: a case study of activity-travel survey in Beijing[J]. Geographical Research, 32(3): 441-451.]
2	樊杰, 蒋子龙. 2015. 面向“未来地球”计划的区域可持续发展系统解决方案研究: 对人文—经济地理学发展导向的讨论[J]. 地理科学进展, 34(1): 1-9.
	[Fan J, Jiang Z L.2015. Trend of human-economic geography in relation to the Future Earth initiative for systemic solutionsof regional sustainable development[J]. Progress in Geography, 34(1): 1-9.].
3	方创琳. 2004. 中国人地关系研究的新进展与展望[J]. 地理学报, 59(增刊): 21-32.
	[Fang C L.2004. Recent progress of studies on man-land relationship and its prospects in China. Acta Geographica Sinica, 59(Suppl.): 21-32.]
4	秦萧, 甄峰. 2014. 大数据时代智慧城市空间规划方法探讨[J]. 现代城市研究, (10): 18-24.
	[Qin X, Zhen F.2014.The spatial planning methods of smart city on big data era[J]. Modern Urban Research, (10): 18-24.]
5	宋长青, 冷疏影. 2005. 当代地理学特征、发展趋势及中国地理学研究进展[J]. 地球科学进展, 20(6): 595-599.
	[Song C Q, Leng S Y.2005. Characteristics and trend of modern geography and progresses of geographical research in China[J]. Advance in Earth Science, 20(6): 595-599.]
6	甄峰. 2004. 信息时代的区域空间结构[M]. 北京: 商务印书馆.
	[Zhen F.2004. The regional spatial structure in information age[M]. Beijing: The Commercial Press.]
7	甄峰, 秦萧. 2014.智慧城市顶层设计总体框架研究[J]. 现代城市研究, (10): 7-12.
	[Zhen F, Qin X.2014. Study on comprehensive framework of top design of smart city[J]. Modern Urban Research, (10): 7-12.]
8	甄峰, 秦萧, 席广亮. 2015. 信息时代的地理学与人文地理学创新[J]. 地理科学, 35(1): 11-18.
	[Zhen F, Qin X, Xi G L.2015. The innovation of geography and human geography in the information era[J]. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 35(1): 11-18.]
9	郑度, 陈述彭. 2001.地理学研究进展与前沿领域[J]. 地球科学进展,16(5): 599-606.
	[Zheng D, Chen S P.2001. Progress and disciplinary frontiers of geographical research[J]. Advance in Earth Science, 16(5): 599-606.]
10	Alexander B, Hubers C, Schwanen T, et al.2011. Anything, anywhere, anytime? developing indicators to assess the spatial and temporal fragmentation of activities[J]. Environment and Planning B, 38(4): 678-705.
11	Batty M.2012. Smart cities, big data[J]. Environment and Planning B, 39(2): 191-193.
12	Caragliu A, Bo C, Nijkamp P.2011. Smart cities in Europe[J]. Journal of Urban Technology, 18(2): 65-82.
13	Castells M.1989. The informational city: information technology, economic restructuring, and the urban-regional process[M]. Oxford: Blackwell.
14	Castells M.1996.The rise of the network society[M]. Cambridge, MA: Blackwell.
15	Castells M, Hall P.1994.Techno poles of the world: the making of twenty-first century industrial complexes[M]. London: Routledge.
16	Future EarthTransition Team. 2013. Future earth initial design:report of thetransition team[R/OL]. 2013-4-17[2015-1-16]. .
17	Graham S, Marvin S.2001. Splintering urbanism: networked infrastructures, technological mobilities and the urban condition[M]. London: Routledge.
18	Harvey D.1989. The condition of postmodernity: an enquiry into the origins of culture[M]. Cambridge, MA: Blackwell.
19	May J, Thrift N.2001. Time/space: geography and temporality[M]. New York: Routledge.
20	Mokhtarian P L, Meenakshisundaram R.1999. Beyond tele-substitution: disaggregate longitudinal structural equations modeling of communication impacts[J]. Transportation Research C, 7(1): 33-52.
21	Schwanen T, Kwan M P.2008. The internet, mobile phone and space-time constraints[J]. Geoforum, 39(3): 1362-1377.
22	Toffler A.1980. The third wave[M]. New York: Bantam.
23	Urry J.2008. Moving on the mobility turn[M]//Canzler W, Kaufmann V, Kesselring S. Tracing mobilities: towards a cosmopolitan perspective in mobility research. Aldershot, UK: Ashgate.

[1]	曾国军, 徐雨晨, 王龙杰, 钟淑如. 从在地化、去地化到再地化：中国城镇化进程中的人地关系转型[J]. 地理科学进展, 2021, 40(1): 28-39.
[2]	李小建, 胡雪瑶, 史焱文, 杨慧敏. 乡村振兴下的聚落研究——来自经济地理学视角[J]. 地理科学进展, 2021, 40(1): 3-14.
[3]	叶超, 塔娜. 重建地方：人文地理与GIS结合研究的路径[J]. 地理科学进展, 2020, 39(8): 1249-1259.
[4]	王敏, 林铭亮, 朱竑. 人文地理学的“神经转向”研究进展及启示[J]. 地理科学进展, 2020, 39(7): 1182-1195.
[5]	任嘉敏, 马延吉. 地理学视角下绿色发展研究进展与展望[J]. 地理科学进展, 2020, 39(7): 1196-1209.
[6]	谭雪兰, 蒋凌霄, 王振凯, 安悦, 陈敏, 任辉. 地理学视角下的中国乡村贫困——源起、进展与展望[J]. 地理科学进展, 2020, 39(6): 913-923.
[7]	黄晗, 李寻欢, 周扬. 中国丘陵山区农村贫困时空格局及其演变机制研究——以江西省于都县为例[J]. 地理科学进展, 2020, 39(6): 938-950.
[8]	刘小鹏, 程静, 赵小勇, 苗红, 魏静宜, 曾端, 马存霞. 中国可持续减贫的发展地理学研究[J]. 地理科学进展, 2020, 39(6): 892-901.
[9]	龙冬平, 柳林, 陈建国, 肖露子, 宋广文, 徐冲. 街头抢劫者前犯罪经历对其后作案地选择的影响[J]. 地理科学进展, 2020, 39(5): 815-828.
[10]	刘熠孟, 李卫红, 王昕. 微观尺度下毒品犯罪时空分布及成因分析——以SZ市NH、DM街道为例[J]. 地理科学进展, 2020, 39(5): 841-852.
[11]	刘玲, 李钢, 薛淑艳, 马雪瑶, 周俊俊, 徐婷婷, 王皎贝. 四川省拐卖儿童犯罪的时空演变过程及影响因素分析[J]. 地理科学进展, 2020, 39(5): 853-865.
[12]	薛倩, 谢苗苗, 郭强, 王亚男, 武蓉蓉, 刘琦. 地理学视角下城市高温热浪脆弱性评估研究进展[J]. 地理科学进展, 2020, 39(4): 685-694.
[13]	柴彦威, 李春江, 张艳. 社区生活圈的新时间地理学研究框架[J]. 地理科学进展, 2020, 39(12): 1961-1971.
[14]	徐力刚,赖锡军,万荣荣,王晓龙,李相虎. 湿地水文过程与植被响应研究进展与案例分析[J]. 地理科学进展, 2019, 38(8): 1171-1181.
[15]	段洪涛,罗菊花,曹志刚,薛坤,肖启涛,刘东. 流域水环境遥感研究进展与思考[J]. 地理科学进展, 2019, 38(8): 1182-1195.