基于改进EIO-LCA模型的城市旅游业碳排放核算研究——以开封市为例

doi:10.11820/dlkxjz.2015.02.002

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

旅游业作为国民经济的重要行业,在节能减排的大背景下,其碳排放的问题得到学术界越来越多的关注,但相关研究方法仍不成熟。本文以开封市为例,基于改进的EIO-LCA模型构建了旅游业碳排放矩阵,分析了城市旅游业及相关部门的碳排放状况。结果显示：城市旅游业直接碳排放占碳排放总量比例较小,其碳排放强度低于GDP碳排放强度,不同城市旅游者类型的人均碳排放量差异较大;旅游业各部门的碳排放量及直接碳排放比存在较大的差异,各部门对国民经济其他行业的碳排放影响不同。旅游业虽不是“无烟产业”,但可称为“低碳产业”,发展旅游业对城市的节能减排有积极的作用。

关键词: 旅游业, 改进EIO-LCA模型, 碳排放核算, 碳排放分解, 开封

Abstract:

Under the background of emission reduction and energy conservation, the problem of carbon emissions from tourism—an important industry of the national economy—has attracted increasing academic attention. However, the research methods need further improvement. This article discusses carbon emission accounting method for tourism industry in China. Using Kaifeng City as a case study area and data from 2012, this research constructed an improved EIO-LCA model for carbon emissions in tourism, from the perspective of life cycle carbon emissions in urban tourism and related sectors. The results show that: the proportion of urban tourism direct carbon emission is small compared to the total carbon emission. Urban tourism carbon emission intensity is lower than carbon intensity per unit of GDP. Compared to other industries, tourism is more conducive to energy conservation for cities. Urban tourism can play a pivotal role for cities in reducing their carbon emissions. The total carbon emission of inbound tourists is the lowest, but per capita carbon emission is the highest. Among the various types of tourists, total carbon emission of non-agricultural households is the highest, and per capita carbon emission of agricultural households is the lowest. There is a significant difference between carbon emissions and proportions of direct carbon emissions of various tourism sectors, which have different effects on carbon emissions of other industries of the national economy. The sector that has the highest carbon emission and carbon intensity is tourism transportation, and the lowest is travel agency. Although tourism is not a "smokeless industry," it can be considered a "low-carbon industry", which has an irreplaceable role for the energy-saving and emission reduction of cities.

Key words: tourism, improved EIO-LCA model, carbon accounting, carbon decomposition, Kaifeng

秦耀辰, 李旭, 荣培君. 基于改进EIO-LCA模型的城市旅游业碳排放核算研究——以开封市为例[J]. 地理科学进展, 2015, 34(2): 132-140.

Yaochen QIN, Xu LI, Peijun RONG. Urban tourism carbon accounting based on improved EIO-LCA model: a case study of Kaifeng City in Henan Province[J]. PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2015, 34(2): 132-140.

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部门	直接碳排放			间接碳排放			碳排放总量
部门	排放量/ 万t		占比/ %		排放量/ 万t	占比/ %	排放量/ 万t	占比/ %
旅游交通	35.08	85.89		86.68	27.51		124.77	34.01
邮电通讯	0.27	0.67		2.15	0.66		2.42	0.66
旅游购物	1.26	3.09		37.73	11.57		38.99	10.63
住宿和餐饮	3.43	8.39		105.80	32.45		109.23	29.78
旅行社	0.01	0.02		0.57	0.18		0.58	0.16
娱乐	0.14	0.35		19.04	5.84		19.19	5.23
游览及其他	0.65	1.59		71.02	21.78		71.67	19.54

部门	碳排放强度/（t/万元）
旅游交通	2.75
邮电通讯	0.69
旅游购物	1.08
住宿和餐饮	1.11
旅行社	1.10
娱乐	1.65
游览及其他	1.48
平均	1.51

部门	非农业户口旅游者			农业户口旅游者			入境旅游者
部门	直接		总量		直接	总量	直接	总量
交通/10⁴ t	28.85	102.61		5.29	18.81		0.941	3.345
邮电通讯/10⁴ t	0.23	2.00		0.04	0.34		0.009	0.078
购物/10⁴ t	0.93	28.88		0.29	8.89		0.039	1.214
住宿和餐饮/10⁴ t	2.80	89.36		0.61	19.38		0.015	0.485
娱乐/10⁴ t	0.12	15.40		0.02	3.04		0.006	0.747
游览及其他/10⁴ t	0.53	58.64		0.11	12.00		0.009	1.023
比例/%	82.0	81.0		15.5	17.1		2.5	1.9
碳排放量/10⁴ t	33.46	296.89		6.36	62.48		1.02	6.893
人均碳排放量/kg	14.7	130.0		7.4	72.6		39.9	270.0

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