开放式GIS在大数据时代的机遇与障碍

doi:10.11820/dlkxjz.2014.06.001

地理科学进展 ›› 2014, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (6): 723-737.doi: 10.11820/dlkxjz.2014.06.001

所属专题：地理大数据

• 本刊特稿 • 下一篇

开放式GIS在大数据时代的机遇与障碍

隋殿志¹, 叶信岳², 甘甜³

1. 美国俄亥俄州立大学, 哥伦布 43210;
2. 美国肯特州立大学, 肯特 44242;
3. 武汉大学, 武汉 430072

收稿日期:2014-05-01 修回日期:2014-05-01 出版日期:2014-06-25 发布日期:2014-06-25
作者简介:隋殿志（1965- ），男，美国俄亥俄州立大学地理学终身教授、社会与行为科学杰出教授。2011 年7 月起担任地理系主任，2012 年9 月起担任人口研究所地理分析部主任。2009-2012 年曾任城市与区域分析中心主任，同时也在约翰格伦公共事务学院、诺尔顿建筑学院（城市与区域规划）以及公共健康学院任兼职教授。1986 年、1989 年分别获得北京大学本科与硕士学位，1993 年获得乔治亚大学博士学位，并于同年9 月聘为德克萨斯A&M大学助理教授，1997年被破格晋升为副教授并获终身教职，2001 年再次被破格晋升为教授并获聘瑞塔·海恩斯特聘教授，2009 年荣获古根海姆奖。另外，自2007 起担任《GeoJournal》主编，美国国家制图科学委员会委员。近年学术研究领域主要包括地理信息科学的基础理论、中国城市可持续发展、开源城市设计与规划、时空融合、志愿者地理信息以及众包地理知识产品。Email：sui.10@osu.edu。
基金资助:
美国国家科学基金项目（1048100）。

Open GIS for big data：opportunities and impediments

Dianzhi SUI¹, Xinyue YE², Tian GAN³

1. Ohio State University, Columbus 43210, OH, United States;
2. Kent State University, Kent 44242, OH, United States;
3. Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China

Received:2014-05-01 Revised:2014-05-01 Online:2014-06-25 Published:2014-06-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要： GIS 领域的发展在21 纪初走到了十字路口。本文旨在讨论下一个阶段GIS 发展的多个愿景，而新兴的开放式GIS应作为一个指导思想。开放式GIS包含8 个维度：数据、软件、硬件、规范、研究、出版、资金和教育。对于GIS 研究团体，开放式GIS 提供了4 个令人振奋的机会：①技术发展。技术的发展与突破可用于解决空间上的海量数据所带来的问题；②应用开发。主要是用于集体或个人决策的应用程序的开发；③增加全民参与的机会。地理科学可以发展成一种开放性的全民科学，人们将对日益变化的地球增进了解；④教育的机遇。通过开放式GIS能更好地实现全民地理科学教育。虽然开放式GIS 的实现存在着学术、法律、社会、政治和环境等障碍，但可以肯定的是，开放式GIS在未来的科学研究和教育方面将会变得越来越重要。

关键词: 海量数据, 开放式GIS, 开放性学科, 开源, 空间思维教育

Abstract: The field of Open GIS(S for Systems, Sciences, Services, and Studies) is at a cross-road in the early 2010s. Aiming to link the multiple visions for the next phase of GIS development, this paper suggests that the emerging Open GIS should serve as a guiding concept. Contextualized in the broader literature of open science, this paper proposes Open GIS should include eight dimensions related to data, software, hardware, standards, research, publication, funding, and education. For the GIS community, Open GIS offers four exciting opportunities: a) technology-driven opportunities for addressing challenges posed by the (spatial) big data deluge; b) application-led opportunities for improving individual and collective decisions; c) curiosity-inspired, crowd-powered opportunities for the development of an open and geographic citizen science for understanding the changing planet; d) education-focused opportunities for implementing the vision of a spatial university. Although there are academic, legal, social/political, and environmental impediments for the practice of Open GIS, Open GIS will become increasingly important in shaping our research and educational agendas in the future.

Key words: big data, Open GIS, open science, open source, spatial university

中图分类号:

隋殿志, 叶信岳, 甘甜. 开放式GIS在大数据时代的机遇与障碍[J]. 地理科学进展, 2014, 33(6): 723-737.

Dianzhi SUI, Xinyue YE, Tian GAN. Open GIS for big data：opportunities and impediments[J]. PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2014, 33(6): 723-737.

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开放式GIS在大数据时代的机遇与障碍

Open GIS for big data：opportunities and impediments

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