地理科学进展

地理科学进展 ›› 2013, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (6): 897-905.doi: 10.11820/dlkxjz.2013.06.006

• 全球变化 • 上一篇    下一篇

乌鲁木齐市居民出行行为的空间特征和碳排放分析

石天戈1,2, 张小雷1, 杜宏茹1, 张文彪1,2, 时卉1,2   

  1. 1. 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所, 乌鲁木齐830011;
    2. 中国科学院大学, 北京100049
  • 收稿日期:2012-12-01 修回日期:2013-05-01 出版日期:2013-06-25 发布日期:2013-06-25
  • 通讯作者: 张小雷(1963-),男,陕西华县人,研究员,博士生导师,主要从事城市地理和区域可持续发展研究。E-mail:zhangxl@ms.xjb.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:石天戈(1986-),男,陕西子长县人,博士研究生,主要研究方向为城市地理。E-mail:shitiangehust@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    中国科学院部署项目子课题(KZZD-EW-06-03-03)。

Spatial characteristics of residents’outings and carbon emissions in Urumqi City

SHI Tiange1,2, ZHANG Xiaolei1, DU Hongru1, ZHANG Wenbiao1,2, SHI Hui1,2   

  1. 1. Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, CAS, Urumqi 830011, China;
    2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
  • Received:2012-12-01 Revised:2013-05-01 Online:2013-06-25 Published:2013-06-25

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摘要： 城市化发展过程中, 从微观机制探讨城市空间结构、居民出行行为和碳排放的关系是城市地理学研究的一个重要方面。利用2011 年乌鲁木齐居民出行日志调查数据, 在分析居民基本出行特征和通勤空间特征的基础之上, 探讨了不同城市空间的居民出行碳排放的分布特征和影响因素。结果表明:① 乌鲁木齐市居民出行以通勤类出行为主, 居民出行在空间上存在差异性, 内城中心区和郊区卫星城人均出行次数高于其他区域。城市南、北发展不平衡对郊区居民出行产生影响。② 乌鲁木齐市居民通勤的实际平均出行距离为4.9 km, 相比于东部大城市具有通勤距离短而通勤时间长的特征。通勤距离在空间上呈现明显的由内向外递增趋势。③ 2011 年乌鲁木齐市居民日常出行人均直接碳排放量为682.95 g, 居民日常出行碳排放表现为中心区和卫星城的低碳化、近郊区居民中碳化和远郊区居民的高碳化。

关键词: 城市空间结构, 出行行为, 碳排放, 通勤特征, 乌鲁木齐市

Abstract: In the process of urbanization, urban spatial structure and organization mode are being transformed tremendously, and use of private cars causes traffic congestion and increased carbon emissions. It has become a hot research topic to investigate the relationships between urban spatial structure, residents' outings and carbon emissions from the perspective of micro-mechanisms. In this paper, based on a survey of daily activities of 600 households' from Urumqi City in 2011, basic characteristics of the residents' outings and spatial characteristics of their commuting were analyzed. In addition, the outing-related transport carbon emissions and the influencing factors in different urban areas were examined. The survey covered the activities recorded in consecutive 48 hours including a Sunday and a Monday. The results indicated that: (1) Urumqi residents' outings are mainly commuting. Outings in different areas show spatial diversity: the numbers of trips per capita in the two areas, the central area of inner city and suburban satellite towns, are higher than those in other areas, but the total trip distances in the two areas are significantly shorter than those in other areas. Imbalance of urban development between northern areas and southern areas affect suburbanites' outings. The residents in the areas are more dependent on the central city areas for jobs and services, due to lack of public service infrastructures in southern suburbs, whereas the residents in the northern suburbs tend to work near their own living areas, thanks to adequate employment opportunities and service facilities. (2) In comparison to the large cities on the east, the average actual commuting distance in Urumqi is 4.9 km, shorter commuting distance but longer commuting time. Commuting distance in space shows a significant increasing trend from inner areas to outer areas. (3) The direct carbon emission per capita from residents' daily outings in Urumqi was 682.95 g in 2011. Carbon emissions from residents' daily outings vary significantly in different urban areas, with low-carbon emission in the central area and the satellite towns, moderate-carbon emission in near suburbs and high-carbon emission in far suburbs.

Key words: carbon emissions, commuting characteristics, residents' outings, urban spatial structure, Urumqi City