关键词: 充电站布局, 动态模型, 时空间限制, 行为决策

Abstract: The conventional and popular alternative-fuel stations locating models that based on the the space distribution of traffic demand have already managed to minimize total demand-weighted travel distance or to maximize capturing, as well as to satisfy multiple purposes. While for the case of locating Elective Vehicles (EV) charging stations, the minimum requested charging time for EVs introduces a new factor for consideration, time constraints. The decision behaviors such as when and where to charge, and how to deal with the queuing problem due to the simultaneous recharging capacity limitation are realized to have great impact on EV stations location optimization, therefore all those factors should be considered carefully for modeling. Based on the related research of refueling behaviors and refueling demands, this paper developed a new dynamic model, named as the Spatio-temporal Location Model, with dual purposes of achieving minimum waiting time and maximum service accessibility for a given number of EV charging stations. A micro simulation method has been employed on a 25-node network to figure out the optimal locations, and results of the model mentioned above are compared with the results of the traditional flow-capturing location model. Results suggest that time constraints do have great effects on the location of EV charging stations. The proposed model improves the optimization results by discarding some unreasonable hypotheses on charging behaviors and giving more attention to the time constraints that exist in the real world.

Key words: behavioral decision making, charging stations location, dynamic model, time-spatial constraints