地理科学进展

地理科学进展 ›› 2011, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (7): 788-794.doi: 10.11820/dlkxjz.2011.07.002

• 生态系统碳增减专栏 • 上一篇    下一篇

区域尺度陆地生态系统碳增汇途径及其可行性分析

何念鹏1, 王秋凤1, 刘颖慧2, 任伟1, 于贵瑞1   

  1. 1. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所中国科学院生态系统网络观测与模拟重点实验室, CERN综合研究中心，北京100101;
    2. 北京师范大学，北京100875
  • 收稿日期:2011-01-01 修回日期:2011-04-01 出版日期:2011-07-25 发布日期:2011-07-25
  • 通讯作者: 于贵瑞，研究员，主要研究方向为生态系统碳循环与全球变化。E-mail: yugr@igsnrr.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:何念鹏, 副研究员, 主要研究方向为生物地球化学和草地生态学。E-mail: henp@igsnrr.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:

    中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA05050602)；国家基础研究发展计划项目(2010CB833504)；中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目群(KZCXZ-YW-Q1-05)。

The Approaches to Enhance Carbon Sequestration of Terrestrial Ecosystem at Regional Scales, and Their Feasibility

HE Nianpeng1, WANG Qiufeng1, LIU Yinghui2, RENWei1, YU Guirui1   

  1. 1. Synthesis Research Center of CERN, Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Sciences Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China;
    2. Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
  • Received:2011-01-01 Revised:2011-04-01 Online:2011-07-25 Published:2011-07-25

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摘要： 如何实现区域陆地生态系统碳增汇(carbon sequestration)、如何科学地评估/认证其碳汇效应，目前仍是一个颇具争议的科学问题。本文探讨了区域陆地生态系统碳增汇途径，并对现阶段中国陆地生态系统主要人为管理措施的碳汇效应进行了定性评价。从技术和经济可行性看，许多人为管理措施均具有较明显的碳汇效应；但在确定技术或经济投入规模时，应充分考虑特定人为管理措施下生态系统碳增汇的特征曲线，合理地控制投入，实现人为管理措施碳增汇效应最优化。此外，基于定性评价结果，本文分别针对森林、草地、农田和湿地生态系统提出了行之有效的碳汇管理措施。建议相关科学家围绕这些已较大面积推广的管理措施，深入研究其碳收支过程及其机理，尽快提出科学的、可验证的碳增汇认证方法，为科学地评估中国陆地生态系统碳汇功能提供理论依据。

关键词: IPCC, 陆地生态系统, 生态途径, 碳固持, 碳汇, 碳源

Abstract: What are the optimizing artificial managements to enhance carbon (C) sequestration of terrestrial ecosystems at regional scales, and how to evaluate them, are of concern for ecologists, environmental experts, and government officials. In this study, we first discussed the approaches to enhance C sequestration by natural processes and human activity, respectively. Based on an expert assessment system, we then evaluated qualitatively the effect of C sequestration of various artificial managements, which had been utilizing widely in forest, grassland, farmland, and wetland ecosystems in China. We found that most of artificial managements have apparent capacity to enhance C sequestration of terrestrial ecosystems, and are feasible in view of technology and economy. Base on our qualitatively evaluation, we proposed 2 or 3 artificial managements for forest, grassland, farmland and wetland ecosystems, respectively, which have evident potential to enhance C sequestration and are easy to be extended. Furthermore, we found that some artificial managements mentioned above have not been adopted in 2006 IPCC guidelines for national greenhouse gas inventories. In order to put forward scientific foundation and finally promote these artificial managements accepted by IPCC, scientists therefore should select these excellent managements for terrestrial ecosystems in China to investigate systematically the processes of C cycle and C sequestration, and to develop new methods for the evaluation of C sequestration in terrestrial ecosystems.

Key words: carbon sequestration, carbon sink/source, ecological approach, IPCC, terrestrial ecosystem