地理科学进展

地理科学进展 ›› 2011, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (2): 198-204.doi: 10.11820/dlkxjz.2011.02.009

• 城市地理 • 上一篇    下一篇

职住分离的度量方法与空间组织特征——以北京市轨道交通对职住分离的影响为例

赵晖1,2, 杨军3, 刘常平2, 王珂4   

  1. 1. 北京大学政府管理学院，北京 100871;
    2. 北京交通发展研究中心，北京 100055;
    3. 北京智诚先达交通科技有限公司，北京 100053;
    4. 北京交通大学，北京 100044
  • 收稿日期:2010-05-01 修回日期:2010-09-01 出版日期:2011-02-25 发布日期:2011-02-25
  • 作者简介:赵晖，女，河北人，博士研究生，从事城市交通规划与政策研究。E-mail: zhaoh@bjtrc.org.cn
  • 基金资助:

    2008年北京市财政交通经济领域专项课题。

Measurement Method and Characteristics of Spatial Organization for Jobs-housing Misbalance: A Case Study of the Effects of Metro Systems on Jobs-housing Misbalance in Beijing

ZHAO Hui1,2, YANG Jun3, LIU Changping2, WANG Ke4   

  1. 1. School of Government, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;
    2. Beijing Transportation Research Center, Beijing 100055, China;
    3. Beijing Zhichengxianda Transport Technology Co. Ltd., Beijing 100053, China;
    4. Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
  • Received:2010-05-01 Revised:2010-09-01 Online:2011-02-25 Published:2011-02-25

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摘要： 基于问卷调查获取的万份调查数据，构建了以通勤时间/距离为基础数据的职住分离度量模型，即基于频数分布法的通勤时间/距离和基于不同时段/区段范围内居民分布结构的“职住分离强度指数”。根据上述判别模型与计算结果，发现：①各样本区居民通勤时间普遍增加，城市外围区轨道交通沿线居民通勤时间多数集中在40分钟以上，自购居民的通勤时间明显高于租住居民。②与非地铁沿线居民相比，轨道沿线居民的职住距离较高，以居住为主的大型外围区居民的通勤距离明显偏大。③郊区居民职住分离强度相对较大，通勤时间及其变化在远郊区、中心城区以及不同的样本区之间具有较为复杂的差异。④基于差异，简要分析了样本特殊性形成与发展的机理，并简要透析出与房地产价格、轨道交通、以及城市功能区之间的关系。

关键词: 北京, 轨道交通, 空间组织, 职住分离

Abstract: Based on the data from a survey, we construct two methods to measure the degree of jobs-housing misbalance, simulate commuting time/distance based on frequency distribution method, and measure the degree of jobs-housing misbalance using “jobs-housing misbalance intensity index”. According to the measurement model and calculation results, it is found that (1) the commuting time of sampling areas generally increases. The commuting time of the inhabitants living along suburb rail lines is around 40 minutes or more, and the commuting time of houseowners is significantly higher than that of the tenants; (2) compared with other residents, those who live alongside the rail lines have longer commuting distance, especially for those living in the large suburb residential areas; (3) variance in the commuting distance of suburb residents is relatively higher, and the commuting time and its variation are different between suburban and urban areas, and within different sampling areas; (4) based on the variations, the formation and developing mechanisms of the particularity of samples have been analyzed, and the influence of rail transit on the distribution of jobs and residence has also been studied.

Key words: Beijing, jobs-housing misbalance, metro, spatial organization