无测站流域水文预测(PUB)的研究方法

doi:10.11820/dlkxjz.2010.11.014

地理科学进展 ›› 2010, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (11): 1333-1339.doi: 10.11820/dlkxjz.2010.11.014

无测站流域水文预测(PUB)的研究方法

刘苏峡¹, 刘昌明¹, 赵卫民²

1. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所陆地水循环及地表过程重点实验室, 北京100101;
2. 水利部黄河水利委员会水文局, 郑州450004

收稿日期:2010-01-01 修回日期:2010-07-01 出版日期:2010-11-25 发布日期:2010-11-25
作者简介:刘苏峡(1965-)|女|湖北黄陂人|博士|副研究员|主要从事流域水文模拟预测、界面水文过程、土壤水分、生态需水量等方面的研究
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(40971023，40671032，40830636)；“973”国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2009CB421307，2010CB428404)；对欧盟科技合作专项经费项目(0911)；中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KZCX2-YW-Q06-1-3，KZCX2-YW-433)

Towards the Methodology for Predictions in Ungauged Basins

LIU Suxia¹, LIU Changming¹, ZHAO Weimin²

1. Key Laboratory ofWater Cycle &|Related Land Surface Processes, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;
2. The Bureau of Hydrology, Yellow River Conservancy Committee, Zhengzhou 450004, China

Received:2010-01-01 Revised:2010-07-01 Online:2010-11-25 Published:2010-11-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

根据国内外研究成果，结合自身的科研体会，借用“巧妇面临无米之炊”时可能用到的“借、替和种米”的应对逻辑，将无测站流域水文预测(Predictions in Ungauged Basins, PUB)的研究方法归纳为移植法、替代法和生成法。将移植法归类为两种，一是当研究地区没有测站资料(简称无资料)而周边某个地区有测站资料(简称有资料)时，如果有资料区的自然地理环境与研究地区相似，直接移用该有资料地区的资料到无资料区，即直接移植法；二是倘若周边不只一个区域有资料，那么就借用所有这些点的信息，采用插值法得到无资料区的资料，即间接移植法。定义替代法为如果本研究区域或者相似区域没有资料，但有可能“求出”资料的辅助信息，则挖掘这些信息的方法。将替代法分为两类，一是根据本研究区域其他信息，通过模型模拟、同化、融合、从本学科和多学科领域挖掘信息等技术，得到本研究区所需资料。二是根据其它研究区域其他信息得到本研究区所需资料，包括就地外延和对比流域法。定义生成法为通过获取第一手资料开展水文预测的方法，包括野外实验和室内实验。通过梳理PUB的这些研究途径，探索了PUB方法发展的可能突破口，旨为推动PUB的研究提供思路。

关键词: PUB, 方法, 流域, 水文预测, 资料

Abstract:

Based on the research results in the field of predictions in ungauged basins (PUB) available from the literatures and our own research experiences in PUB, the methodology of PUB is generalized to include "borrowing", "replacing" and "creating" methods, according to the logic of a Chinese saying: "even a clever housewife can not cook a meal without rice". Borrowing method is defined as the method to get the data by transplanting the data from a similar region or doing interpolation among the data from the neiboughood area. Replacing method is defined as the method to mine the target data from the related information either from the same research area by simulation, assimilation and interdisciplinary studying or from other areas by upscaling and paired-catchment analysis, all with similar geographic characteristics. Creating method is defined as the method to get the data via field or indoor observation. By combining the above research methods available so far, some clues for breaking through the barriers of PUB research to find the right solutions are proposed.

Key words: data, hydrological predictions, methodology, PUB, watershed

刘苏峡, 刘昌明, 赵卫民. 无测站流域水文预测(PUB)的研究方法[J]. 地理科学进展, 2010, 29(11): 1333-1339.

LIU Suxia, LIU Changming, ZHAO Weimin. Towards the Methodology for Predictions in Ungauged Basins[J]. PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2010, 29(11): 1333-1339.

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无测站流域水文预测(PUB)的研究方法

Towards the Methodology for Predictions in Ungauged Basins

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