地理科学进展 ›› 2010, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (11): 1293-1300.doi: 10.11820/dlkxjz.2010.11.004

• 学科进展 • 上一篇    下一篇

生态水文过程观测与模拟的发展与展望

孙晓敏, 袁国富, 朱治林, 张心昱, 温学发, 唐新斋   

  1. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所生态网络观测与模拟重点实验室CERN水分分中心, 北京100101
  • 收稿日期:2010-01-01 修回日期:2010-07-01 出版日期:2010-11-25 发布日期:2010-11-25
  • 作者简介:孙晓敏(1957-)|男|研究员|CERN水分分中心主任。主要从事地表通量观测技术和实验方法的研究。1997 年获中国科学院自然科学二等奖(排名第3);2010 年获得国家科技进步二等奖(排名第5)。
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金项目(30770409,30970517);中科院重要方向项目(KZCX2-YW-433-01)

Measuring and Modeling of Ecohydrological Processes: Progresses and Perspectives

SUN Xiaomin, YUAN Guofu, ZHU Zhilin, ZHANG Xinyu, WEN Xuefa, TANG Xinzhai   

  1. Water Sub-Center of CERN, Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
  • Received:2010-01-01 Revised:2010-07-01 Online:2010-11-25 Published:2010-11-25

摘要:

中国生态系统研究网络(CERN)水分分中心是管理CERN陆地生态系统台站水环境长期监测的专业分中心,也是从事生态水文学研究的一个学术团队。长期以来,CERN水分分中心致力于先进的生态水文观测方法和技术的引进与研究,先后在大型蒸渗仪、涡度相关技术、实验遥感方法、大孔径闪烁仪和同位素技术应用于生态水文过程的观测方面做了许多卓有成效的工作,对生态水文过程野外观测方法先进技术的应用在国内起到引领作用。CERN水分分中心也开展了以陆面蒸散过程机理与模拟的研究,围绕华北农田作物蒸散过程模拟方法,从早期的经验模型,到具有物理基础的模型,发展到基于水碳耦合机理的蒸散过程模拟方法。未来的发展,需要进一步深入推进新技术新方法在生态水文过程观测中的应用,并构建不同生态系统生态水文过程机理模型,为流域和区域水资源管理及生态系统管理提供科学数据和科学工具。

关键词: 大孔径闪烁仪, 大型蒸渗仪, 生态水文, 实验遥感, 稳定同位素, 涡度相关

Abstract:

Water Center of Chinese Ecosystem Research Network (CERN) is a management unit that manages the long-term water environment of CERN field stations, and it is also a scientific research group of the Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research (IGSNRR). Water Center always focuses its research on the application of the advanced measuring methods to ecohydrological processes field observation. The faculties of Water Center have made important progresses in the application of Lysimeter, eddy covariances techniques, experimental remote sensing techniques, large aperture scintillometer applications, and stable water isotope techniques. At the same time, the modeling researches on surface evapotranspiration have also developed from the early empirical model to the mechanism model based on water-carbon coupled processes. The further development of measuring method on ecohydrological processes should place emphasis on the combination of the flux observation technique and the in situ vapor isotopic analyzing technique, and the combination of local measurement and the remote sensing information.

Key words: ecohydrology, eddy covariance, experimental remote sensing, large aperture scintillomter, Lysimeter, stable water isotope