地理科学进展

地理科学进展 ›› 2007, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (1): 68-76.doi: 10.11820/dlkxjz.2007.01.007

• 模式应用 • 上一篇    下一篇

大尺度分布式水文模型数字流域 提取方法研究

杨传国1,2, 余钟波1,3, 林朝晖2, 郝振纯1   

  1. 1. 河海大学水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室, 南京210098|
    2. 中国科学院大气物理研究所, 北京100092|
    3. Department of Geoscience, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89154- 4010, USA
  • 收稿日期:2006-06-01 修回日期:2006-11-01 出版日期:2007-02-20 发布日期:2007-02-20
  • 通讯作者: 余钟波( 1964- ) , 男, 河海大学“长江学者”, 教授, 博导。
  • 作者简介:杨传国(1981-), 男, 山东青州人, 博士研究生, 主要从事水文水资源研究。Email: chgyang@sina.com
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金项目(50679018) 和国家自然科学基金(40575040) 资助.

Method Study of Constructing Digital Water shed for Large- scale Distr ibuted Hydrological Model

YANG Chuanguo1,2, YU Zhongbo1,3, LIN Zhaohui2, HAO Zhenchun1   

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory of Hydrology Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, China|
    2. Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China|
    3. Department of Geoscience, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89154- 4010, USA.)
  • Received:2006-06-01 Revised:2006-11-01 Online:2007-02-20 Published:2007-02-20

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60 | 12

摘要：

构建大尺度分布式水文模型是当前大气水文模型耦合研究的一项重要内容。本文介绍一 种根据1km DEM 生成更大网格尺度DEM 数据, 同时可以保持流域河网信息并减缓高程、坡度 等地貌参数信息量衰减速度的有效方法———ZB算法。利用该方法和常规的网格平均法生成黄河 唐乃亥以上流域的5km、10km、15km 和20km 两套DEM 数据, 分别提取高程、坡度、地形指数、河 网密度、主河道长度、流域面积等流域特征参数, 并与1km DEM 提取的上述参数进行比较, 对两 种方法作出评价。结果显示, 随着网格尺度的增大, ZB 算法获得的DEM 数据可以保持河网的连 续性, 提取出合理的流域范围, 减缓地形信息量的衰减速度。该方法满足构建大尺度分布式水文 模型提取数字流域的需要。

关键词: DEM, ZB 算法, 大尺度水文模型, 数字流域

Abstract:

Large - scale distributed hydrological model plays an important role in the coupling atmospheric and hydrological models research at present. In this paper, ZB algorithm is proposed to obtain base on 1 km grid scale DEM data, because it can maintain data information about drainage basin boundaries and river networks very well at coarser resolutions. We apply ZB algorithm and grid- averaged algorithm at 5km, 10km, 15km, and 20km scales in the upper Yellow river (above Tangnaihai station, drainage area 121, 972 km2). Elevation, slope, wetness index, drainage density, length of main channel, watershed area and other parameters are extracted and compared with the parameters that are obtained based on 1 km DEM. Results show that DEM data obtained by ZB algorithm can hold stream network continuity and real watershed boundaries very well, and meanwhile it can decrease the amount of other geographical information falling off, compared to other algorithms. The method can supply satisfied digital watersheds for constructing large- scale distributed hydrological model.

Key words: DEM, digital watershed, large- scale hydrological model, ZB algorithm

中图分类号: 

  • P343