地理科学进展

地理科学进展 ›› 2005, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (1): 31-40.doi: 10.11820/dlkxjz.2005.01.004

• 生态与环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

我国西南纵向岭谷区环境与 发展问题初步研究

吴绍洪1, 戴尔阜1, 何大明2   

  1. 1. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所, 北京 100101;
    2. 云南大学, 昆明 650091
  • 收稿日期:2004-11-01 修回日期:2004-12-01 出版日期:2005-01-25 发布日期:2005-01-25
  • 作者简介:吴绍洪(1961－ )| 男, 研究员, 1982 年毕业于中山大学地理系, 主要从事资源环境和综合地域格局研究。E-mail: wush@igsnrr.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家重点基础研究发展计划 (973项目：2003CB415101)资助。

Major Research Perspectives on Environmental and Developmental Issues for the Longitudinal Range-Gorge Region (LRGR) in Southwestern China

WU shaohong1, DAI Erfu1, HE Daming2   

  1. nstitute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101;
    2. Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091
  • Received:2004-11-01 Revised:2004-12-01 Online:2005-01-25 Published:2005-01-25

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摘要：

我国西南纵向岭谷区是我国西南与东南亚极为重要的生态走廊，生态变化直接影响我国跨境生态安全及资源保障。该区南北方向“通道”和东西方向“阻隔”作用的形成主要是由于大气环流、南北走向山脉对季风的阻挡作用和人为作用的影响。其生态效应主要表现为植被分布的三维地带性规律；干旱河谷发育，生态脆弱；生态系统类型多样，格局复杂。“通道－阻隔”作用的形成因素和生态效应亦作用到社会经济活动上。研究表明该区跨境生态安全研究中的重要科学问题：纵向岭谷区生态系统的变化趋势及主驱动力；纵向岭谷区重大工程建设的生态效应；纵向岭谷区的跨境生态安全及调控。为了适应该区跨境生态安全和社会经济发展的需要，必须有一个生态－经济综合区划作为研究基础。本文以生态地理地域系统为基础，引入社会经济指标，对研究区进行生态－经济分区，共划分为三个温度带，7个自然地带，19个自然区和55个经济小区。

关键词: “通道—阻隔”作用, 跨境生态安全, 生态－经济综合区划, 生态效应, 纵向岭谷区

Abstract:

Located in north-south directed mountains and valleys in Southwestern China, mainly in Yunnan Province , the Longitudinal Range-Gorge Region (LRGR) is a very important ecological corridor between South China and South-East Asian. Ecological changes in this region directly influence Chinese trans-boundary ecological security and resources security. Under the comprehensive conditions of environmental pattern on landform, climate, water, soil, vegetation as well as human activity, corridor phenomena in the south-north direction and barrier functions in the west-east direction have been showed distinctively on ecological economic system in this region. “Corridor-barrier” functions in LRGR are formed mainly by atmospheric circulation and geographical location; the barrier effect of North-South directive mountains to monsoon; and human activities. “Corridor-barrier” functions and its ecological effect in LRGR can be expressed as three major aspects: obviously three dimension distribution laws of vegetation in north-south direction, west-east direction and vertical direction; developed dry valleys and their fragile environments, and diverse ecosystems and their complicated patterns. Vital scientific research questions in this region include: ecological system changes and their driving factors, ecological effects of significant engineering construction projects, and trans-boundary ecological security as well as countermeasures. For better understanding of trans-boundary ecological security and socio-economic condition, ecological-economic regionalization is required to provide a scientific base. Based on macro ecological region system, social-economic indexes are applied to differentiate ecological-economic regions in this paper. The scheme divides the region into three temperature zones, seven natural zones, nineteen natural divisions and fifty-five economic districts.

Key words: “corridor-barrier&rdquo, ecological effect, ecological-economy regionalization, function, the Longitudinal Range-Gorge Region (LRGR), trans-boundary ecological security