地理科学进展 ›› 2004, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (2): 107-114.doi: 10.11820/dlkxjz.2004.02.013

• 地理学理论研究 • 上一篇    

地理空间的尺度—结构分析模式探讨

鲁学军1, 周成虎1, 张洪岩2, 徐志刚2   

  1. 1. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京 100101;
    2. 东北师范大学城环院,长春 130024
  • 收稿日期:2003-12-01 修回日期:2004-03-01 出版日期:2004-03-25 发布日期:2004-03-25
  • 作者简介:鲁学军(1964 -), 男, 博士, 副研究员。主要从事地理空间认知、建模与科学计算研究。发表论文20余篇,专著一部。Email:luxj@lreis.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金项目(40071069)资助;国家杰出青年科学基金项目(40225004)资助

Analytical Scheme on Scale-Structure of Geographical Space

LU Xuejun1, ZHOU Chenghu1, ZHANG Hongyan2, XU Zhigang2   

  1. 1. Institute of Geographic Science and Resources Research,CAS, Beijing 100101, China;
    2. Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration for National Environmental Protection, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024,China
  • Received:2003-12-01 Revised:2004-03-01 Online:2004-03-25 Published:2004-03-25

摘要:

本文以地理学、景观生态学有关尺度的研究为基础,应用层次理论,在大、中、基本三种尺度上,就有关地理空间研究的一个重要方面—地理空间的尺度-结构分析模式进行了探讨。初步建立了一种有关地理空间结构与功能表达的空间等级序列,该等级序列能够反映地球表层在不同尺度上的空间结构组成以及它们之间的相互转换关系,以其为基础开展地理空间研究有利于发现不同地理现象的内在成因及其发生机理(在基本尺度上),有利于发现区域不同地理现象的表现形式及其变化过程的动力学机制(在中尺度上)。与传统地理学对于地理空间研究的宏观有余而微观不足的特点相比,该等级序列能够实现地理学的“宏观机制”研究与“微观机理”研究的结合,是现代地理科学有关“定性与定量综合集成”研究的基础。

关键词: 尺度-结构, 尺度转换, 等级序列, 地理空间

Abstract:

The analytical scheme on scale-structure of geographical space is one of the most important fields in the study of geographical space. Based on scale concepts from geography and landscape ecology, and applying hierachical theory, the paper discusses the issue on macro-, middle- and basic- scales. A spatial hierachical order is primarily setup to present structures and functions of geographical space. The order can be used to reflect spatial structure com-ponents of epigeosphere on different scale levels and their transformation among different levels. The order will help us to find out inherent causes and their forming ways of kinds of geographical phenomena on the basic scale, and to explore representation of different regional geographical phenomena and their dynamic mechanism of changing process on the middle scale. Traditional geography has advantage to research macro-space with disadvantage for micro-scale. The reasonable cognition for the hierachical order will be useful for geographical studies on combination of macro mechanism and micro function. It will also be foundation for integration of qualitative and quantitative methods in modern geography.

Key words: geographical space, hierachical order, scale-structure