地理科学进展

地理科学进展 ›› 2003, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (3): 251-259.doi: 10.11820/dlkxjz.2003.03.004

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

生态系统退化的动力学解释及其定量表达探讨

章家恩, 徐琪   

  1. 华南农业大学热带亚热带生态研究所,南京210008
  • 收稿日期:2003-02-01 修回日期:2003-03-01 出版日期:2003-05-24 发布日期:2003-05-24
  • 作者简介:章家恩(1968-),男,博士后,副教授,《生态科学》常务编委。2001年8月到美国普渡大学做高级访问学者。主要从事生态学、土壤学、地理学、恢复生态学、生物多样性、农业与农村的可持续发展等方面的研究。主持和承担了国际合作、国家攻关、部、省、市级科研基金近20项科研课题。已发表学术论文近80篇。
  • 基金资助:

    国务院三峡建设委员会项目(1-03-03);广东省自然科学基金项目(980148、010274);中日美联合资助的"华南退化坡地绿色食品生产与生物多样性保护"项目的部分内容.

Eco-mechanics Analysis and Quantitative Expression for Degradation of Ecosyste ms

ZHANG Jia'en, XU Qi   

  1. Institute of Tropical and Subtropical Ecology, South China Agri cultural University, Guangzhou 510642; Institute of Soil Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008
  • Received:2003-02-01 Revised:2003-03-01 Online:2003-05-24 Published:2003-05-24

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78 | 8

摘要： 从生态力学角度对生态系统退化进行了初步探讨。文中认为,生态系统是一个具有三维空间的物质实体,它和一般物体一样,也具有运动的特性。生态退化实际上是生态系统从高水平的稳定状态向低水平的失衡状态转化的一种运动形式。任何生态系统都具有一定的生态质量和生态惯性,当生态系统遭受到自然和人为干扰的合力大于生态系统的内在生态阻抗力时,生态系统势必发生运动或"位移"。文中定义了生态质量指数、自然干扰指数、人类活动强度指数和生态退化潜势指数,以定量描述区域生态系统退化的潜势。

关键词: 干扰, 生态力学, 生态退化, 生态质量, 生态阻抗

Abstract: The degradation of ecosystems was discussed from a view of eco mechanics in thi s paperIt was suggested that any ecosystem could be regarded as a kind of the substance integration with three dimension spatial structure, and that it also had a property of "movement" which referred to the displacement of the state, but not the c hange of the place of ecosystem Actually, the degradation of ecosystem was a p rocess of ecological movement from a high level or stable state to an imbalance state Any ecosystem had a certain eco mass and eco inertia When the result ant of eco forces produced by human and natural disturbance exceeded their inhe rent ecological resistance force, ecosystems would take movement or displacement  This paper also presented a quantitative expression for calculating the poten tial of ecosystem degradation with four indices, including the eco mass index ( EMI), the natural disturbance index (NDI).

Key words: disturbance, ecological degradation, eco-mass, eco-mechanics, eco-resi stance

中图分类号: 

  • X171