被动微波反演土壤水分的L波段新发展及未来展望

赵天杰

Recent advances of L-band application in the passive microwave remote sensing of soil moisture and its prospects

Tianjie ZHAO

表1 适用于L波段的土壤粗糙度参数化方案及其默认参数设置(受权引用自Peng et al, 2017)

Tab.1 Soil roughness parameterization schemes in L-band (from Peng et al, 2017)

类别	名称	参数化方案	参数设置	文献
基于试验数据	C79	$\begin{matrix} r_{s, p} = Γ_{s, h} H_{p} \end{matrix}$ $\begin{matrix} H_{p} = \exp [- hco s^{N_{p}} (θ_{i})] \end{matrix}$	$\begin{matrix} h = {(2 kσ)}^{2} \end{matrix}$ , $\begin{matrix} N_{p} = 2 \end{matrix}$	Choudhury等(1979)
	W83		$\begin{matrix} h = {(2 kσ)}^{2} \end{matrix}$ , $\begin{matrix} N_{p} = 0 \end{matrix}$	Wang等(1983)
	W01		$\begin{matrix} h = 1.3972 m^{0.5879} \end{matrix}$ , $\begin{matrix} N_{p} = 0 \end{matrix}$ , $\begin{matrix} m = \frac{σ}{L_{c}} \end{matrix}$	Wigneron等(2001)
	W01sm		$\begin{matrix} h = 0.5761 {w_{s}}^{- 0.3475} m^{0.4230} \end{matrix}$ , $\begin{matrix} N_{p} = 0 \end{matrix}$ , $\begin{matrix} m = \frac{σ}{L_{c}} \end{matrix}$	Wigneron等(2001)
	E07		$\begin{matrix} h = {(2 kσ)}^{2} \end{matrix}$ , $\begin{matrix} N_{p} = \{\begin{matrix} 1 p = h \\ - 1 p = v \end{matrix} \end{matrix}$	Escorihuela等(2007)
	E07sm		$\begin{matrix} N_{p} = \{\begin{matrix} {(2 kσ)}^{2} - 4.4 (w_{s -} w_{FC}), if w_{s} \leq w_{FC} \\ {(2 kσ)}^{2}, if w_{s} \leq w_{FC} \end{matrix} \end{matrix}$ , $\begin{matrix} N_{p} = \{\begin{matrix} 1 p = h \\ - 1 p = v \end{matrix} \end{matrix}$	Escorihuela等(2007)
	W11		$\begin{matrix} h = {(\frac{0.9437 σ}{0.8865 σ + 2.2913})}^{6} \end{matrix}$ , $\begin{matrix} N_{p} = 0 \end{matrix}$	Wigneron等(2011)
	SMOS		$\begin{matrix} h = \{\begin{matrix} 0.10, if w_{s} \leq w_{t} \\ 0.10 - 0.05 \frac{(w_{s} - w_{t})}{w_{FC} - w_{t}}, if w_{t} \leq w_{s} \leq w_{FC} \\ 0.05, if w_{s} \geq w_{FC} \end{matrix} \end{matrix}$ , $\begin{matrix} N_{p} = \{\begin{matrix} 1 p = h \\ - 1 p = v \end{matrix} \end{matrix}$	Kerr等(2012)
	W99	$\begin{matrix} r_{s, h} = Γ_{s, h} H_{h} \end{matrix}$ $\begin{matrix} r_{s, v} = r_{s, h} co s^{N} θ_{i} \end{matrix}$ $\begin{matrix} H_{h} = \exp (- h^{\sqrt{0.1 \cos θ_{i}}}) \end{matrix}$	$\begin{matrix} h = kσ \end{matrix}$ , $\begin{matrix} N = 0.655, for θ_{i} \leq 60 \end{matrix}$	Wegmuller等(1999)
	S06	$\begin{matrix} r_{s, h} = Γ_{s, h} H_{p} \end{matrix}$ $\begin{matrix} H_{p} = \exp (- h ? G (ε_{r}, θ_{i}, p)) \end{matrix}$	$\begin{matrix} h = \frac{{(\frac{σ}{λ})}^{2}}{2} \end{matrix}$ , $\begin{matrix} \end{matrix}$ $\begin{matrix} G (ε_{r}, θ_{i}, p) = a^{- 2} (ε_{r}, θ_{i}, p) \end{matrix}$ , $\begin{matrix} a (ε_{r}, θ_{i}, p) = k_{1} (θ_{i}, p) + \frac{k_{2} (θ_{i}, p)}{ε_{r}} \end{matrix}$	Schwank等(2006)
	L13	$\begin{matrix} r_{s, p} = [(1 - Q) Γ_{s, p} + Q Γ_{s, q}] H_{p} \end{matrix}$ $\begin{matrix} H_{p} = \exp [- hco s^{N_{p}} (Q_{i})] \end{matrix}$	$\begin{matrix} h = \{\begin{matrix} 2.265 [1 - \exp (\frac{- Z_{s}}{2.023})], Z_{s} \leq 1.253 \\ 1.046, Z_{s} > 1.253 \end{matrix} \end{matrix}$ , $\begin{matrix} Z_{s} = \frac{σ^{2}}{L_{c}} \end{matrix}$ $\begin{matrix} Q = 0.253 h \end{matrix}$ , $\begin{matrix} N_{v} = 0.999 h - 0.54 \end{matrix}$ , $\begin{matrix} N_{h} = N_{v} + ? N \end{matrix}$ $\begin{matrix} ? N = 2.029 - 0.7457 Z_{s} \end{matrix}$	Lawrence等(2013)
	G14	$\begin{matrix} T b_{p} = T_{s, eff} + a_{eff, p} (T_{a} - T_{s, eff}) + r_{s, p} (T b_{DN} - T_{s, eff}) \end{matrix}$ $\begin{matrix} r_{s, p} = [(1 - Q)] Γ_{s, p} G_{p} + Q Γ_{s, q} G_{q} \end{matrix}$ $\begin{matrix} a_{eff, p} = [(1 - Q) A_{s, p} + Q A_{s, Q}] \end{matrix}$	$\begin{matrix} G_{p} = \exp [- δ_{R}^{2} (c_{0} + c_{1} Γ_{s, p}) co s^{c_{2}} (θ_{i}) 10^{3}] \end{matrix}$ $\begin{matrix} Q = 0.5 [1.0 - \frac{\sin (2 β_{R})}{(2 β_{R})}] \end{matrix}$ $\begin{matrix} A_{s, p} = 1.0 - \exp [- δ_{R}^{1.5} (c_{3} + c_{4} Γ_{s, p}) co s^{c_{5}} (θ_{i}) 10^{2}] \end{matrix}$	Goodberlet等(2014)
基于理论模型	S02	$\begin{matrix} r_{s, p} = Γ_{s, p} ? \exp [- {(2 kσ)}^{2} {(cso θ_{i})}^{2}] + A_{p} Γ_{s, p}^{B_{p}} \end{matrix}$	$\begin{matrix} A_{p} or B_{p} = \exp (a (θ_{i}, p, ρ) + b (θ_{i}, p, ρ) ? \log (kσ) + c (θ_{i}, p, ρ) ? kσ + d (θ_{i}, p, ρ) ? W) \end{matrix}$ $\begin{matrix} a, b, c, d (θ_{i}, p, ρ) = e (p, ρ) + g (p, ρ) θ_{i} + h (p, ρ) θ_{i}^{2} \end{matrix}$	Shi等(2002)
	C10	$\begin{matrix} r_{s, p} = A_{p} m^{B_{p}} Γ_{s, p} \end{matrix}$	$\begin{matrix} A_{p}, B_{p}, C_{p} = a_{p} θ_{i}^{3} + b_{p} θ_{i}^{2} + c_{p} θ_{i} + d_{p} \end{matrix}$ , $\begin{matrix} m = \frac{σ}{L_{c}} \end{matrix}$	Chen等(2010)
	Z15	$\begin{matrix} r_{s, p} = Γ_{s, p} H_{p} \end{matrix}$ $\begin{matrix} H_{p} = A_{p} \exp (B_{p} Z_{s}^{2} + C_{p} Z_{s}) \end{matrix}$	$\begin{matrix} A_{p}, B_{p}, C_{p} = a_{p} θ_{i}^{2} + b_{p} θ_{i} + c_{p}, \end{matrix}$ $\begin{matrix} Z_{s} = \frac{σ^{2}}{L_{c}} \end{matrix}$	Zhao, Shi et al. (2015b)